Jen Andrews, Yannik Behr, Maren Böse, Frédérick Massin, Anna Kaiser, Bill Fry
{"title":"使用 FinDer 算法快速确定新西兰地震破裂特征","authors":"Jen Andrews, Yannik Behr, Maren Böse, Frédérick Massin, Anna Kaiser, Bill Fry","doi":"10.1785/0120230213","DOIUrl":null,"url":null,"abstract":"Immediately after a significant earthquake, rapid scientific information is critical for response decision‐making and estimating secondary hazards, and is a key component of advisories and public communication. Characterization of the fault rupture extent is especially valuable because it strongly controls ground‐motion estimates, or tsunami forecasts in offshore settings. The Finite‐fault rupture Detector (FinDer) is designed to rapidly estimate location, extent, and orientation of earthquake fault rupture by matching spatial distributions of high‐frequency seismic amplitudes with precomputed templates. Under a large public initiative to better prepare for and respond to natural disasters, FinDer is being implemented in New Zealand for rapid source characterization. Here, we report on implementation and performance, including offline and real‐time testing using configurations modified for the New Zealand setting. Systematic testing is used to inform guidelines for real‐time usage and interpretation. Analysis of rupture parameter recovery when using national network GeoNet stations demonstrates that for moderate (M 6+) onshore earthquakes FinDer can resolve magnitude and location well, and the rupture strike is also well determined for large (M 7+) onshore earthquakes. For near‐offshore earthquakes (within 100 km), FinDer can provide reasonable magnitude estimates but cannot determine the location or strike. Real‐time testing shows reliable detection for onshore earthquakes of M 4.5+, with reasonable location and magnitude accuracy. First detection times range between 7 and 65 s of earthquake origin, and stable solutions even for large (M 7+) magnitude events are delivered within 2 min. Although the GeoNet seismic network is not optimized for earthquake early warning, this provides a first exploration of network‐based capability for New Zealand. Offline testing of significant M 7+ historic earthquakes demonstrates that FinDer’s rupture solutions can be used to improve rapid shaking predictions, and may be used to infer additional directivity and tsunami hazard even for complex events like the 2016 M 7.8 Kaikōura earthquake.","PeriodicalId":9444,"journal":{"name":"Bulletin of the Seismological Society of America","volume":"5 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.6000,"publicationDate":"2024-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":"0","resultStr":"{\"title\":\"Rapid Earthquake Rupture Characterization for New Zealand Using the FinDer Algorithm\",\"authors\":\"Jen Andrews, Yannik Behr, Maren Böse, Frédérick Massin, Anna Kaiser, Bill Fry\",\"doi\":\"10.1785/0120230213\",\"DOIUrl\":null,\"url\":null,\"abstract\":\"Immediately after a significant earthquake, rapid scientific information is critical for response decision‐making and estimating secondary hazards, and is a key component of advisories and public communication. Characterization of the fault rupture extent is especially valuable because it strongly controls ground‐motion estimates, or tsunami forecasts in offshore settings. The Finite‐fault rupture Detector (FinDer) is designed to rapidly estimate location, extent, and orientation of earthquake fault rupture by matching spatial distributions of high‐frequency seismic amplitudes with precomputed templates. Under a large public initiative to better prepare for and respond to natural disasters, FinDer is being implemented in New Zealand for rapid source characterization. Here, we report on implementation and performance, including offline and real‐time testing using configurations modified for the New Zealand setting. Systematic testing is used to inform guidelines for real‐time usage and interpretation. Analysis of rupture parameter recovery when using national network GeoNet stations demonstrates that for moderate (M 6+) onshore earthquakes FinDer can resolve magnitude and location well, and the rupture strike is also well determined for large (M 7+) onshore earthquakes. For near‐offshore earthquakes (within 100 km), FinDer can provide reasonable magnitude estimates but cannot determine the location or strike. Real‐time testing shows reliable detection for onshore earthquakes of M 4.5+, with reasonable location and magnitude accuracy. First detection times range between 7 and 65 s of earthquake origin, and stable solutions even for large (M 7+) magnitude events are delivered within 2 min. Although the GeoNet seismic network is not optimized for earthquake early warning, this provides a first exploration of network‐based capability for New Zealand. Offline testing of significant M 7+ historic earthquakes demonstrates that FinDer’s rupture solutions can be used to improve rapid shaking predictions, and may be used to infer additional directivity and tsunami hazard even for complex events like the 2016 M 7.8 Kaikōura earthquake.\",\"PeriodicalId\":9444,\"journal\":{\"name\":\"Bulletin of the Seismological Society of America\",\"volume\":\"5 1\",\"pages\":\"\"},\"PeriodicalIF\":2.6000,\"publicationDate\":\"2024-04-01\",\"publicationTypes\":\"Journal Article\",\"fieldsOfStudy\":null,\"isOpenAccess\":false,\"openAccessPdf\":\"\",\"citationCount\":\"0\",\"resultStr\":null,\"platform\":\"Semanticscholar\",\"paperid\":null,\"PeriodicalName\":\"Bulletin of the Seismological Society of America\",\"FirstCategoryId\":\"89\",\"ListUrlMain\":\"https://doi.org/10.1785/0120230213\",\"RegionNum\":3,\"RegionCategory\":\"地球科学\",\"ArticlePicture\":[],\"TitleCN\":null,\"AbstractTextCN\":null,\"PMCID\":null,\"EPubDate\":\"\",\"PubModel\":\"\",\"JCR\":\"Q2\",\"JCRName\":\"GEOCHEMISTRY & GEOPHYSICS\",\"Score\":null,\"Total\":0}","platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":null,"PeriodicalName":"Bulletin of the Seismological Society of America","FirstCategoryId":"89","ListUrlMain":"https://doi.org/10.1785/0120230213","RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":null,"EPubDate":"","PubModel":"","JCR":"Q2","JCRName":"GEOCHEMISTRY & GEOPHYSICS","Score":null,"Total":0}
Rapid Earthquake Rupture Characterization for New Zealand Using the FinDer Algorithm
Immediately after a significant earthquake, rapid scientific information is critical for response decision‐making and estimating secondary hazards, and is a key component of advisories and public communication. Characterization of the fault rupture extent is especially valuable because it strongly controls ground‐motion estimates, or tsunami forecasts in offshore settings. The Finite‐fault rupture Detector (FinDer) is designed to rapidly estimate location, extent, and orientation of earthquake fault rupture by matching spatial distributions of high‐frequency seismic amplitudes with precomputed templates. Under a large public initiative to better prepare for and respond to natural disasters, FinDer is being implemented in New Zealand for rapid source characterization. Here, we report on implementation and performance, including offline and real‐time testing using configurations modified for the New Zealand setting. Systematic testing is used to inform guidelines for real‐time usage and interpretation. Analysis of rupture parameter recovery when using national network GeoNet stations demonstrates that for moderate (M 6+) onshore earthquakes FinDer can resolve magnitude and location well, and the rupture strike is also well determined for large (M 7+) onshore earthquakes. For near‐offshore earthquakes (within 100 km), FinDer can provide reasonable magnitude estimates but cannot determine the location or strike. Real‐time testing shows reliable detection for onshore earthquakes of M 4.5+, with reasonable location and magnitude accuracy. First detection times range between 7 and 65 s of earthquake origin, and stable solutions even for large (M 7+) magnitude events are delivered within 2 min. Although the GeoNet seismic network is not optimized for earthquake early warning, this provides a first exploration of network‐based capability for New Zealand. Offline testing of significant M 7+ historic earthquakes demonstrates that FinDer’s rupture solutions can be used to improve rapid shaking predictions, and may be used to infer additional directivity and tsunami hazard even for complex events like the 2016 M 7.8 Kaikōura earthquake.
期刊介绍:
The Bulletin of the Seismological Society of America, commonly referred to as BSSA, (ISSN 0037-1106) is the premier journal of advanced research in earthquake seismology and related disciplines. It first appeared in 1911 and became a bimonthly in 1963. Each issue is composed of scientific papers on the various aspects of seismology, including investigation of specific earthquakes, theoretical and observational studies of seismic waves, inverse methods for determining the structure of the Earth or the dynamics of the earthquake source, seismometry, earthquake hazard and risk estimation, seismotectonics, and earthquake engineering. Special issues focus on important earthquakes or rapidly changing topics in seismology. BSSA is published by the Seismological Society of America.