Adequate viscosity-induced porous boundary layer flow and heat transfer over a permeable wedge

Abstract

The present study examines the impact of effective viscosity and suction/injection on the two-dimensional boundary layer flow and heat transfer across a wedge immersed in a porous medium. In this study, we analyze the mechanisms associated with porous media and the fluid, focusing specifically on the viscosity ratio(effective viscosity to the dynamic viscosity) effects. The movement or progression of the fluid outside the boundary layer is acquired in the form of a concept of fluid distance. The governing nonlinear ordinary differential equations are derived from the boundary layer equations with suitable similarity transformations. Two approaches are utilized in this study: comprehensive numerical simulations that solve the nonlinear fully coupled fluid-wedge interaction issue and asymptotic approaches that solve the linearized equation-acquired at a significant distance away from the wedge and a small Prandtl number. A high level of concordance exists between the two methodologies in their predictive capabilities. The velocity and temperature distributions for different favorable pressure gradient and suction parameters are to reduce both momentum and thermal boundary layer thickness, while an opposite scenario is noticed for injection parameters. These results are shown to be a continuation of classical Falkner-Skan flows. The viscosity ratio plays a role in reducing the thickness of the boundary layer, leading to the fluid exhibiting adhesion to the surface of the wedge. Moreover, the effect of permeability-the presence of a porous medium, reduces the thickness of the boundary layer. A comprehensive examination of the outcomes and their associated hydrodynamics concerning the physical parameters is conducted and made in some detail.