A review on advances in persistent scatterer interferometry and proposing a novel method for phase optimization of distributed scatterers pixels

Spaceborne SAR Interferometry techniques namely Differential SAR Interferometry (DInSAR) and Persistent Scatterer Interferometry (PSI) are remote sensing-based techniques used to measure and monitor terrain deformations. In the present study, advances in PSI since its inception, considering three important parameters (pixel selection criteria, baseline configuration, and deformation model) is discussed in detail. Further, in view of the research heading towards the pixel selection criteria and phase optimization of Distributed Scatterers (DSs) pixels, detailed discussion is made over its advancement also. In addition, the statistical homogenous pixel (SHP) and the similar time-series interferometric phase (STIP) pixel-based PSCs selection are the latest development. In view of this, the connection and difference of major and latest SHP and STIP pixel-based PSCs selection methods in term of the mathematic model of phase optimization for conventional DS and DS with multiple scattering mechanism (DS-MSM), types of pixel selection capability, computational efficiency are characterized. Further, in this study, a novel Bayesian methodology and its details are proposed for the phase optimization of DS pixels, which will provide a much better idea of the characteristics of the parameter of interest than latest one based on complex least square mathematic model for phase optimization of DS pixels.