Late Cardiotoxicity from the Tyrosine Kinase Inhibitor, Dasatinib: Pleural Effusions, Pulmonary Arterial Hypertension, and Right Heart Failure

Despite the remarkable progress made over the past few decades in the management of patients with both solid and hematologic malignancies, radiation-and chemotherapy-related cardiotoxicity remains an ongoing problem. This is true even for newer highly targeted therapies, including tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs). This report presents a case of late/severe right heart dysfunction secondary to pulmonary hypertension, developed after ten years of therapy with dasatinib. We also review the history of this known, but often unrecognized, and potentially reversible complication, and we suggest treatment options. Additionally, this case highlights the remarkable effectiveness of TKIs in patients with chronic myelogenous leukemia while also emphasizing the ever-present concern that even in the absence of clinical or laboratory evidence of residual leukemic disease, discontinuing chemotherapeutic agents may result in prompt recrudescence and death.