轴性近视背景下糖尿病视网膜病变模型中大鼠视网膜神经感觉元件超微结构变化的特征

I. Mikheytseva, N. Molchanuk, A. Amayed, S. Kolomiichuk, T. Siroshtanenko
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摘要

在眼球近视的情况下,糖尿病视网膜病变的形成和发展伴随着视网膜病变临床表现的特征。近视会降低视网膜病变的发生率,尤其是增殖性视网膜病变的发生率,以及视网膜糖尿病病变的发展速度。我们工作的目的是对模拟链脲佐菌素诱发糖尿病和剥夺性轴向近视的大鼠视网膜神经感觉元件的超微结构进行比较研究。实验对象为 2 至 10 周龄的大鼠,分为 4 组。第一对照组包括完好无损的动物,第二组--近视,第三组--糖尿病,第四组--近视和糖尿病。两周大的大鼠通过双眼眼睑出血和在弱光下暴露 2 周,被塑造成高度轴向近视的模型。在轴性近视大鼠和完整大鼠中,通过连续 5 天反复腹腔注射亚糖尿病剂量的链脲佐菌素(15.0 毫克/千克体重)来模拟链脲佐菌素诱导的糖尿病。2 个月后,在麻醉状态下将所有动物从实验中取出,眼球去核。用 PEM-100-01 电子显微镜对组织样本进行拍照,研究视网膜神经感觉元件的超微结构。研究结果表明,不同组别视网膜神经感觉元件的超微结构存在差异。以轴向近视为背景对糖尿病进行建模时,在视网膜内层细胞(主要是核内层)中观察到一些区域出现了水肿性营养不良的迹象,细胞器大面积破坏,这是糖尿病所固有的,但也有一些区域的超微结构接近正常。这表明,在模拟糖尿病视网膜病变的过程中,大鼠眼球的近视化过程以及前后轴的延长可以减轻视网膜超微结构变化的严重程度。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
FEATURES OF ULTRASTRUCTURAL CHANGES IN THE NEUROSENSORY ELEMENTS OF THE RETINA OF RATS IN THE MODELING OF DIABETIC RETINOPATHY ON THE BACKGROUND OF AXIAL MYOPIA
The formation and development of diabetic retinopathy in conditions of myopization of the eyeball is accompanied by the features of the clinical picture of retinopathy. With myopia, the incidence of especially proliferative retinopathy, as well as the rate of progression of these diabetic changes in the retina, can be reduced. The aim of our work was a comparative study of the ultrastructure of the neurosensory elements of the retina in rats in the simulation of streptozotocin-induced diabetes and deprivation axial myopia. Experiments were performed on rats aged from 2 to 10 weeks, which were divided into 4 groups. The 1st control group included intact animals, the 2nd - with myopia, the 3rd - with diabetes; the 4th - with myopia and diabetes. Two-week-old rats were modeled with a high degree of axial myopia by blepharorrhaphy of both eyes and exposure to low light for another 2 weeks. In rats with axial myopia and intact rats, streptozotocin-induced diabetes was modeled by repeated intraperitoneal administration of subdiabetic doses of streptozotocin (15.0 mg/kg body weight) for 5 days. After 2 months, all animals were removed from the experiment under anesthesia and their eyes were enucleated. The tissue samples were photographed in a PEM-100-01 electron microscope and the ultrastructure of the neurosensory elements of the retina was studied. The obtained results of the study indicate that ultrastructural retinal neurosensory elements differed in different groups. When modeling diabetes against the background of axial myopia, some areas with signs of hydropic dystrophy with large fields of organelle destruction were observed in the cells of the inner layers of the retina, mainly in the inner nuclear layer, which is inherent in diabetes, but there were also areas whose ultrastructure was close to normal. This indicates that the process of myopization of the eyeball of rats with the lengthening of the anterior-posterior axis can mitigate the severity of ultrastructural changes of the retina in the simulation of diabetic retinopathy.
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