多年生谷物牧草的结构碳水化合物和木质素含量取决于生长阶段和牧草成分分析的数字化创新

Н. К. Khudyakova, Е. V. Khudyakova, М. N. Stepantsevich, О. А. Motorin, М. V. Jouravlev, М. S. Nikanorov
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摘要

文章主要研究了谷类牧草细胞壁碳水化合物--中性洗涤纤维(NDF)、酸性洗涤纤维(ADF)和酸性洗涤木质素(ADL)--的含量,这取决于牧草的生长阶段。随着生长阶段的变化,所有细胞壁组分都有所增加。谷类牧草(无芒锦鸡儿、草地羊茅、草地梯牧草)的酸性洗涤纤维、中性洗涤纤维和酸性洗涤木质素含量(占干物质的百分比)在抽穗前分别为 31-32、50-55 和 4-6;在抽穗期分别为 32-37、55-65 和 5-6;在开花期分别为 40-45、70-72 和 7-9。随着禾本科植物的生长,其成分会随着细胞壁的积累而发生变化。中性洗涤纤维比例的增加主要是由于纤维素比例的增加和半纤维素比例的减少,这与禾本科植物在生长初期消化率较高是一致的。研究结果表明,粗纤维与酸性洗涤纤维之间的关系(n = 64,s = 2.4%,r = 0.93)比粗纤维与中性洗涤纤维之间的关系(n = 64,s = 4.4%,r = 0.87)更为密切。由于草的成分在生长季节每天都在变化,因此最好尽快确定其成分。由于化学方法耗时较长,可以使用基于红外分析仪的快速方法来解决这一问题。快速法包括在研磨样品后,进行校准分析仪、将样品放入分析仪和用分析仪分析样品等连续操作。这意味着这种方法也相当耗时。为了更快地获取信息(两小时),现在越来越多地使用数字技术。基于数字技术的方法包括按顺序执行以下操作:无人机发射、作物调查、向服务器传输多光谱数据、信息处理和粗纤维含量计算。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
Structural carbohydrate and lignin content of perennial cereal forage grasses depending on the growth phase and digital innovations in forage composition analysis
The article is devoted to the study of the content of cell wall carbohydrates – neutral detergent fiber (NDF), acid detergent fiber (ADF), acid detergent lignin (ADL) – in cereal forage grasses depending on the growth phases. An increase in all cell wall fractions was revealed as the growth phases changed. The content of acid detergent fiber, neutral-detergent fiber and acid detergent lignin (% in dry matter) in cereal forage grasses (awnless brome, meadow fescue, meadow timothy) is 31‑32, 50‑55, 4‑6 before earing; in the earing phase – 32‑37, 55‑65, and 5‑6; in the flowering phase – 40‑45, 70‑72, 7‑9, respectively. As grasses grow, their composition changes with the accumulation of cell walls. The increase in the proportion of neutral detergent fiber occurs mainly due to an increase in the proportion of cellulose and a decrease in the proportion of hemicellulose, which is consistent with a higher digestibility of grasses in the early growth stages. According to the results of the study, the relationship between crude fiber and acid detergent fiber was closer (n = 64, s = 2.4%, r = 0.93) than between crude fiber and neutral detergent fiber (n = 64, s = 4.4%, r = 0.87). As the composition of grass changes daily during the growing season, it is advisable to determine its composition as soon as possible. As chemical methods are time-consuming, an express method based on an infrared analyzer can be used to solve this problem. The express method involves, after the grinding of the sample, sequential operations such as calibrating the analyzer, placing the sample in the analyzer and analyzing the samples with the analyzer. This means that this method is also quite time-consuming. To obtain information more quickly (two hours), digital technologies are now increasingly being used. The method based on digital technologies involves the sequential execution of the following operations: UAV launch, crop survey, transmission of multispectral data to the server, information processing and calculation of crude fiber content.
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