S. Poapolathep, N. Klangkaew, N. Phaochoosak, W. Jawjaroensri, A. Sroynum, D. Saipinta, W. Suriyasathaporn, M. Giorgi, Z. Zhang, J. Fink-Gremmels, A. Poapolathep
{"title":"泰国生奶、巴氏杀菌奶和超高温灭菌奶中黄曲霉毒素 M1 的存在及其潜在健康风险","authors":"S. Poapolathep, N. Klangkaew, N. Phaochoosak, W. Jawjaroensri, A. Sroynum, D. Saipinta, W. Suriyasathaporn, M. Giorgi, Z. Zhang, J. Fink-Gremmels, A. Poapolathep","doi":"10.1163/18750796-20232834","DOIUrl":null,"url":null,"abstract":"\nAflatoxin M1 (AFM1) is a major metabolite of aflatoxin B1 occurring in many feed materials commonly used in the ration of dairy cows. The level of contamination of feed materials is currently increasing in many parts of the world due to climate change. These changes emphasise the necessity to monitor AFM1 levels in milk and dairy products as a precautionary measure to protect consumer health risk. In the current study, the AFM1 levels were measured in raw, pasteurised, and ultra-high temperature processed (UHT) milk commercially available in Thailand. In total, 900 milk samples were analysed, making this investigation one of Thailand’s first large-scale monitoring of milk contamination. Over a period of three consecutive years (2019 to 2021), each year 100 individual samples of either AFM1, pasteurised and UHT milk were collected, extracted using an immunoaffinity column for AFM1 and then quantified by a validated liquid chromatography analysis with fluorescence detection. The measured AFM1levels ranged between 65-1,810 ng/l, 12-87 ng/l, and 7-38 ng/l in the raw, pasteurised, and UHT milk, respectively, in 2019. In 2020, the corresponding AFM1 concentration range was 58-1,232 ng/l, 15-65 ng/l, and 7-29 ng/l and 52-1,432 ng/l, 20-59 ng/l, and 7-33 ng/l in 2021, respectively. According to international guidance documents, a direct comparison and formal risk analysis revealed that the measured AFM1 levels of the processed milk samples showed good compliance with the US regulatory limits and the Codex Alimentarius Commission recommendations. However, the latter applies particularly to milk and dairy products intended for the consumption of infants and young children, considering their relatively high consumption of milk and dairy products and the specific sensitivity of infants and toddlers under the age of 6 years to mutagenic and genotoxic contaminants in foods.","PeriodicalId":23844,"journal":{"name":"World Mycotoxin Journal","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.7000,"publicationDate":"2024-01-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":"0","resultStr":"{\"title\":\"Occurrence and potential health risk of aflatoxin M1 in raw, pasteurised, and UHT milk in Thailand\",\"authors\":\"S. Poapolathep, N. Klangkaew, N. Phaochoosak, W. Jawjaroensri, A. Sroynum, D. Saipinta, W. Suriyasathaporn, M. Giorgi, Z. Zhang, J. Fink-Gremmels, A. Poapolathep\",\"doi\":\"10.1163/18750796-20232834\",\"DOIUrl\":null,\"url\":null,\"abstract\":\"\\nAflatoxin M1 (AFM1) is a major metabolite of aflatoxin B1 occurring in many feed materials commonly used in the ration of dairy cows. The level of contamination of feed materials is currently increasing in many parts of the world due to climate change. These changes emphasise the necessity to monitor AFM1 levels in milk and dairy products as a precautionary measure to protect consumer health risk. In the current study, the AFM1 levels were measured in raw, pasteurised, and ultra-high temperature processed (UHT) milk commercially available in Thailand. In total, 900 milk samples were analysed, making this investigation one of Thailand’s first large-scale monitoring of milk contamination. Over a period of three consecutive years (2019 to 2021), each year 100 individual samples of either AFM1, pasteurised and UHT milk were collected, extracted using an immunoaffinity column for AFM1 and then quantified by a validated liquid chromatography analysis with fluorescence detection. The measured AFM1levels ranged between 65-1,810 ng/l, 12-87 ng/l, and 7-38 ng/l in the raw, pasteurised, and UHT milk, respectively, in 2019. In 2020, the corresponding AFM1 concentration range was 58-1,232 ng/l, 15-65 ng/l, and 7-29 ng/l and 52-1,432 ng/l, 20-59 ng/l, and 7-33 ng/l in 2021, respectively. According to international guidance documents, a direct comparison and formal risk analysis revealed that the measured AFM1 levels of the processed milk samples showed good compliance with the US regulatory limits and the Codex Alimentarius Commission recommendations. However, the latter applies particularly to milk and dairy products intended for the consumption of infants and young children, considering their relatively high consumption of milk and dairy products and the specific sensitivity of infants and toddlers under the age of 6 years to mutagenic and genotoxic contaminants in foods.\",\"PeriodicalId\":23844,\"journal\":{\"name\":\"World Mycotoxin Journal\",\"volume\":null,\"pages\":null},\"PeriodicalIF\":1.7000,\"publicationDate\":\"2024-01-11\",\"publicationTypes\":\"Journal Article\",\"fieldsOfStudy\":null,\"isOpenAccess\":false,\"openAccessPdf\":\"\",\"citationCount\":\"0\",\"resultStr\":null,\"platform\":\"Semanticscholar\",\"paperid\":null,\"PeriodicalName\":\"World Mycotoxin Journal\",\"FirstCategoryId\":\"3\",\"ListUrlMain\":\"https://doi.org/10.1163/18750796-20232834\",\"RegionNum\":4,\"RegionCategory\":\"医学\",\"ArticlePicture\":[],\"TitleCN\":null,\"AbstractTextCN\":null,\"PMCID\":null,\"EPubDate\":\"\",\"PubModel\":\"\",\"JCR\":\"Q3\",\"JCRName\":\"FOOD SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY\",\"Score\":null,\"Total\":0}","platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":null,"PeriodicalName":"World Mycotoxin Journal","FirstCategoryId":"3","ListUrlMain":"https://doi.org/10.1163/18750796-20232834","RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":null,"EPubDate":"","PubModel":"","JCR":"Q3","JCRName":"FOOD SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY","Score":null,"Total":0}
Occurrence and potential health risk of aflatoxin M1 in raw, pasteurised, and UHT milk in Thailand
Aflatoxin M1 (AFM1) is a major metabolite of aflatoxin B1 occurring in many feed materials commonly used in the ration of dairy cows. The level of contamination of feed materials is currently increasing in many parts of the world due to climate change. These changes emphasise the necessity to monitor AFM1 levels in milk and dairy products as a precautionary measure to protect consumer health risk. In the current study, the AFM1 levels were measured in raw, pasteurised, and ultra-high temperature processed (UHT) milk commercially available in Thailand. In total, 900 milk samples were analysed, making this investigation one of Thailand’s first large-scale monitoring of milk contamination. Over a period of three consecutive years (2019 to 2021), each year 100 individual samples of either AFM1, pasteurised and UHT milk were collected, extracted using an immunoaffinity column for AFM1 and then quantified by a validated liquid chromatography analysis with fluorescence detection. The measured AFM1levels ranged between 65-1,810 ng/l, 12-87 ng/l, and 7-38 ng/l in the raw, pasteurised, and UHT milk, respectively, in 2019. In 2020, the corresponding AFM1 concentration range was 58-1,232 ng/l, 15-65 ng/l, and 7-29 ng/l and 52-1,432 ng/l, 20-59 ng/l, and 7-33 ng/l in 2021, respectively. According to international guidance documents, a direct comparison and formal risk analysis revealed that the measured AFM1 levels of the processed milk samples showed good compliance with the US regulatory limits and the Codex Alimentarius Commission recommendations. However, the latter applies particularly to milk and dairy products intended for the consumption of infants and young children, considering their relatively high consumption of milk and dairy products and the specific sensitivity of infants and toddlers under the age of 6 years to mutagenic and genotoxic contaminants in foods.
期刊介绍:
''World Mycotoxin Journal'' is a peer-reviewed scientific journal with only one specific area of focus: the promotion of the science of mycotoxins. The journal contains original research papers and critical reviews in all areas dealing with mycotoxins, together with opinions, a calendar of forthcoming mycotoxin-related events and book reviews. The journal takes a multidisciplinary approach, and it focuses on a broad spectrum of issues, including toxicology, risk assessment, worldwide occurrence, modelling and prediction of toxin formation, genomics, molecular biology for control of mycotoxigenic fungi, pre-and post-harvest prevention and control, sampling, analytical methodology and quality assurance, food technology, economics and regulatory issues. ''World Mycotoxin Journal'' is intended to serve the needs of researchers and professionals from the scientific community and industry, as well as of policy makers and regulators.