指导医务人员的工作

Y. D. Khristov, V. V. Skvortsov, I. V. Rodionova
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引用次数: 0

摘要

指导,即在工作期间由资深同事向新人传授经验,是最古老的培训形式之一,目前仍在积极开展。它不仅可以传递裸露的信息,还可以传递个人经验、传统和专业技能,这对实习生的专业发展至关重要。根据最终目标的不同,指导有条件地分为有助于晋升的职业指导。例如,一名资深护士与科室的一名护士共同完成工作,为她今后的工作做好准备,并向她展示解决新出现问题的有效且行之有效的方法。第二种是双边指导,即知识的双向传递。例如,治疗师导师从自己的履历中指出不寻常的病例,并展示如何正确对待病人,而初级同事则解释现代诊断方法的优势。无论如何,以下四个方面都很重要:融合(创建一个具有充分相互理解和沟通规则的统一团队)、定期使用所学技能以巩固这些技能、导师的资历(被视为知识的源泉)以及期望值--实习生的抱负和他们准备为培训付出的努力。缺少上述任何一点,指导要么无效,要么效果适得其反。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
Mentoring in the work of medical personnel
Mentoring, i.e. the transfer of experience from senior colleagues to newcomers right during work, is one of the oldest forms of training and is still actively practiced. It allows transmitting not only bare information, but also personal experience, traditions, and professional skills, which is essential for the professional development of an intern. Depending on the ultimate goal, mentoring is conditionally divided into career mentoring when it helps in promotion. For example, a senior nurse performs her work together with one of the nurses of the department, preparing her for future duties and showing effective and proven methods of solving emerging problems. The second type of mentoring is bilateral, when knowledge passes in both directions. For instance, a therapist mentor points out unusual cases from his/her own biography and shows how to approach the patient correctly, and a junior colleague explains the advantages of modern diagnostic methods. In any case, 4 aspects are important: integration (creating a unified team with full mutual understanding and communication rules), regular use of the acquired skills to consolidate them, the seniority of the mentor (who is perceived as a source of knowledge), and expectation — the ambitions of the interns and the efforts they are ready to put in training. Without one of the above points, mentoring will either be inef fective or have the opposite ef fect.
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