Research Progress on Superhydrophobic Surface Preparation Methods and Mechanical Durability

Superhydrophobic surfaces have great application prospects due to their unique surface- wetting characteristics. However, superhydrophobic surfaces' micro-nano binary rough structure and low surface energy components are easily damaged or lost by wear and grease, which affects their durability and limits their practical application, so it is of great significance to study the durability of superhydrophobic surfaces. The review first introduces the preparation methods and application fields of superhydrophobic surfaces, then sorts out the test methods for the durability performance of superhydrophobic surfaces, methods to improve the durability of superhydrophobic surfaces are summarized， and finally points out some problems in the current research on the durability of superhydrophobic surfaces, aiming to have a comprehensive understanding of the research progress of durable superhydrophobic surfaces, provide some theoretical guidance for the development of durable superhydrophobic surfaces, and look forward to the development direction and trend of durable superhydrophobic surface research in the future. There have been substantial improvements achieved in the preparation techniques to increase the mechanical durability of superhydrophobic surfaces and widen their applications. This review examines pertinent patents and articles on the fabrication of superhydrophobic surfaces from both domestic and foreign sources. The paper introduces the fundamental preparation methods for superhydrophobic surfaces and examines three common techniques: the template method, the spraying method, and the etching method. Additionally, the study discusses these preparation methods and presents future development trends based on the latest research findings. Aiming at the mechanical durability of superhydrophobic surfaces, the test methods for the durability performance of superhydrophobic surfaces under mechanical action are reviewed. The paper also suggests four key methods for enhancing the durability of superhydrophobic surfaces. The refinement of superhydrophobic surface preparation techniques plays a crucial role in enhancing durability and broadening the applications of these surfaces. Additionally, it holds the potential to unlock new possibilities across various domains. The future holds promising prospects for the invention of additional patents and papers focused on superhydrophobic surfaces.