越南的塑料垃圾和管理困难

Tuat Nguyen Thi Nham
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引用次数: 0

摘要

本文运用了一些传统的研究方法,对越南的塑料污染和塑料垃圾管理中的一些困难进行了初步评估。研究结果表明,越南的塑料垃圾来源广泛;越南的塑料垃圾总量为 327 万吨/年,约占家庭固体垃圾的 8-12%,医疗垃圾的 5%;塑料垃圾的处理和回收利用仍然有限,高达 90%的塑料垃圾被焚烧、掩埋或排放到环境中,只有约 10%的塑料垃圾被回收利用。虽然有关废物管理的法律文件体系日益完善,但仍存在许多困难和不足:没有深入的研究和法律法规、标准和条例。 在产品和商品(如化妆品、洗涤剂......)以及废水处理中,没有控制微塑料的技术。要提高管理效率,必须从提高公众意识、完善法律文件、妥善管理含塑料和微塑料废弃物的生产源头和处置等方面综合施策。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
PLASTIC WASTE AND DIFFICULTIES IN MANAGEMENT IN VIETNAM
The paper has applied a number of traditional research methods to preliminarily assess plastic pollution and some difficulties in plastic waste management in Vietnam. Research results showed that plastic waste in Vietnam arises from many different sources; The total amount of plastic waste in Vietnam is 3.27 million tons/year, accounting for about 8-12% of household solid waste and about 5% of medical waste; The treatment and recycling of plastic waste is still limited, up to 90% of plastic waste is burned, buried or discharged into the environment, only about 10% of plastic waste is recycled. Although the system of legal documents on waste management is increasingly being improved, there are still many difficulties and inadequacies: there are no in-depth studies and legal regulations, standards and regulations. techniques for controlling microplastics in products and goods such as cosmetics, detergents... as well as in wastewater treatment; There are no specific legal regulations on microplastic waste management, reducing waste from single-use plastic products; Plastic waste recycling has not been officially implemented, it is still mainly carried out by private units; The application of environmental protection tax on plastic bags and the EPR mechanism still have many problems and shortcomings.To improve management efficiency, it is necessary to apply a combination of solutions from raising public awareness, completing legal documents and properly managing production sources and disposal of waste containing plastic and microplastic.
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