通过原子激发寻找暗物质轴子

Particles Pub Date : 2024-01-27 DOI:10.3390/particles7010006
J. D. Vergados, S. Cohen, F. Avignone, R. Creswick
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引用次数: 0

摘要

轴子可被视为暗物质的理想候选者。可以通过观测轴子诱发的原子激发来探测这种轻粒子。目标处于磁场中,因此可以消除m-衰减,并适当调整能级。当然,得到的结果取决于所考虑的原子,取决于参数ϵ(自旋轨道分裂)和δ(磁矩相互作用导致的能量分裂)。如果转换发生在同一多重子成员之间,这一假设允许轴子质量在数十微微伏之间,即|J1,M1=-J1⟩→|J1,M1=-J+1⟩,J1≠0,而自旋轨道分裂类型的转变|J1,M=-J1⟩→|J2,M2=-J1+q⟩,q=-1,0,1,即三种转变类型,轴子质量在 1 meV-1 eV 范围内。可以探测到的轴心质量与所涉及的激发能量非常接近,而激发能量可以通过调整磁场来改变。此外,由于轴心被原子吸收,计算出的横截面表现出共振行为,实验可以利用这一点将任何背景事件降到最低。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
Searching for Dark Matter Axions via Atomic Excitations
Axions can be considered as good dark matter candidates. The detection of such light particles can be achieved by observing axion-induced atomic excitations. The target is in a magnetic field so that the m-degeneracy is removed, and the energy levels can be suitably adjusted. Using an axion-electron coupling indicated by the limit obtained by the Borexino experiment, which is quite stringent, reasonable axion absorption rates have been obtained for various atomic targets The obtained results depend, of course, on the atom considered through the parameters ϵ (the spin−orbit splitting) as well as δ ( the energy splitting due to the magnetic moment interaction). This assumption allows axion masses in the tens of μeV if the transition occurs between members of the same multiplet, i.e., |J1,M1=−J1⟩→|J1,M1=−J+1⟩,J1≠0, and axion masses in the range 1 meV–1 eV for transitions of the spin−orbit splitting type |J1,M=−J1⟩→|J2,M2=−J1+q⟩,q=−1,0,1, i.e., three types of transition. The axion mass that can be detected is very close to the excitation energy involved, which can vary by adjusting the magnetic field. Furthermore, since the axion is absorbed by the atom, the calculated cross-section exhibits the behavior of a resonance, which can be exploited by experiments to minimize any background events.
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