新儒家与中世纪中国科学技术的兴起

IF 1.4 1区 历史学 Q3 ECONOMICS
Baomin Dong, Bowen Cheng
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引用次数: 0

摘要

宋朝(公元 960-1279 年)见证了科学技术的飞速发展,尤其是在机械工程、冶金、造船和航海、土木工程、制造业等方面。与此同时,主张 "存天理,灭人欲 "的新儒家思想也在宋代兴盛起来。作为一种保守主义运动,新儒学的兴起与中世纪中国辉煌的科技成就有着根本的矛盾。为了解决这个问题,我们以《宋元学案》中记载的宋儒作品为基础,构建了以追求理路、广博学问和怀疑精神为特征的新儒家精神的指标,从而拆解了宋代语境中的新儒家概念。我们的研究结果表明,新儒学的流行促进了宋代科学技术的发展。我们利用从多次广泛调查中汇编的儒学书院历史数据,表明儒学书院的蓬勃发展成为在一个地方传播新儒学精神的渠道,从而影响了宋代的科技产出。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
Neo-Confucianism and the rise of science and technology in Medieval China

The Song dynasty (960–1279 A.D.) witnessed a surge of scientific and technological development, notably in mechanical engineering, metallurgy, shipbuilding and nautics, civil engineering, manufacturing, etc. At the same time, Neo-Confucianism, which advocated ‘upholding heavenly principle and annihilating human desire’, flourished in Song time. The rise of Neo-Confucianism as a conservative movement appeared fundamentally at odds with the splendid technological achievements in Medieval China. To address the question, we dismantle the notion of Neo-Confucianism in the Song dynasty context by constructing the indices of the Neo-Confucian spirit characterized by the pursuit of principle (li), broad learning, and scepticism on the basis of Song Confucian works recorded in the Records of Song and Yuan scholarship (Song Yuan xue an). Our results show that the popularity of Neo-Confucianism facilitated the development of science and technology during the Song period. Using historical Confucian academy data compiled from several extensive surveys, we show that the vigorous development of the Confucian academies served as a channel to propagate the Neo-Confucian spirit in a locality, thereby influencing the scientific and technological output of the Song era.

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来源期刊
CiteScore
3.60
自引率
27.30%
发文量
84
期刊介绍: The Economic History Review is published quarterly and each volume contains over 800 pages. It is an invaluable source of information and is available free to members of the Economic History Society. Publishing reviews of books, periodicals and information technology, The Review will keep anyone interested in economic and social history abreast of current developments in the subject. It aims at broad coverage of themes of economic and social change, including the intellectual, political and cultural implications of these changes.
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