Role of tissue inhibitor of matrix metalloproteinase-1 in Iraqi patients with acute myeloid leukemia

Leukemia is characterized by an uncontrolled expansion or proliferation of hematopoietic cells that are unable to develop appropriately into mature blood cells. Tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinases (TIMP) is glycoprotein with 28 Da Molecular weight. It has proteolytic and proliferative activity show pleiotropic effects in the bone marrow regulates cell responsible for survival and growth also healthy hematopoietic progenitor cells and involve in cancer progression. The aim of this study was to measure TIMP in Iraqi acute myeloid leukemia patients as well as the correlation between tissue inhibitor of matrix metalloproteinase-1 and blast cells. The study involved 50 patients from Iraqi National Hematology Center/Al-Mustansiriyah University and Baghdad Teaching Hospital with acute myeloid leukemia and 50 control participants who were physically similar. The patients’ ages ranged from 20 to 70 years. Tissue inhibitor of matrix metalloproteinase concentration in plasma was measured using a sandwich enzyme immunoassay approach that is quantitative. The present study demonstrates a statistically significant increase in the level of tissue inhibitor of matrix metalloproteinase-1 patients with acute myeloid leukemia. The level of TIMP-1 in serum AML patients was 443.7 ± 0.3 pg/mL while in healthy control serum was 149.5 ± 0.088 pg/mL. The current result showed a positive significant correlation between TIMP-1 level and blast Cells percentage (r = 0.495; P = 0.031), while the correlation between leukocytes number and platelets number was insignificant (r = 0.388; P = 0.078, r = −0.444; P = 0.155). TIMP-1 levels increased in the CML patient compared with healthy control also there was a significant correlation between TIMP-1 and Blast cell level while no correlation between level of TIMP-1 and number of leukocytes and platelets. The level of TIMP in patients untreated and undergoing chemotherapy does not change.