帕金森病中 M1 和 M2 小胶质细胞的不同作用:评论性综述

Luiza Zatiti Monsanto de Paula, Maria Eduarda Osório de Oliveira, Victor Mendes Nóbrega Rocha, Vinícius Mendes Nóbrega Rocha, Caroline Ventura, Yasmin Paula Nobre Lessa, Camilly Ramos Sales, Luana Stangherlin dos Santos, João Bosco Façanha Elias Filho, Júlio César Claudino dos Santos
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引用次数: 1

摘要

帕金森病(PD)的特征是多巴胺能神经元的选择性丧失,导致令人衰弱的运动和非运动症状。帕金森病发病机制的核心是小胶质细胞的复杂参与,小胶质细胞是大脑的常驻免疫细胞。本综述深入探讨了 M1 和 M2 小胶质细胞在帕金森病中的不同功能。M1 小胶质细胞具有促炎特性,释放细胞毒性因子,加剧神经元损伤。与此相反,M2 小胶质细胞通过分泌抗炎细胞因子和参与清除细胞碎片来促进神经保护。本文探讨了这些小胶质细胞表型之间的动态相互作用,为了解它们在疾病进展中的作用提供了见解。文章讨论了旨在调节小胶质细胞极化的新兴治疗策略,强调了它们在帕金森病干预中的潜力。通过揭示 M1 和 M2 小胶质细胞在帕金森病中的微妙作用,这篇综述不仅增进了我们对神经炎症机制的了解,还强调了有针对性的干预措施对于减轻帕金森病相关病理变化和保护神经元完整性的重要性。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
Differential roles of M1 and M2 microglia in Parkinson’s disease: a critical narrative review
Parkinson's disease (PD) is marked by the selective loss of dopaminergic neurons, leading to debilitating motor and non-motor symptoms. Central to PD pathogenesis is the intricate involvement of microglia, the resident immune cells of the brain. This narrative review delves into the distinct functions of M1 and M2 microglia in the context of PD. M1 microglia exhibit pro-inflammatory characteristics, releasing cytotoxic factors that exacerbate neuronal damage. In contrast, M2 microglia contribute to neuroprotection by secreting anti-inflammatory cytokines and participating in the clearance of cellular debris. The dynamic interplay between these microglial phenotypes is explored, providing insights into their roles in disease progression. Emerging therapeutic strategies aimed at modulating microglial polarization are discussed, emphasizing their potential in PD intervention. By unraveling the nuanced contributions of M1 and M2 microglia in PD, this review not only advances our understanding of neuroinflammatory mechanisms but also underscores the importance of targeted interventions to alleviate disease-associated pathology and preserve neuronal integrity in Parkinson's disease.
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