在不同蛋白质和蔗糖供给条件下大鼠肾脏中脊髓灰质炎途径酶的活性

O. Voloshchuk, Нalyna Kopylchuk
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摘要

该研究检测了大鼠肾脏中多元醇途径酶的活性和自由基过程的状况,大鼠的饮食中蛋白质和蔗糖含量各不相同。研究发现,无论蛋白质含量如何,摄入高蔗糖饮食的动物肾脏中多元醇途径酶(即醛糖还原酶和山梨醇脱氢酶)的活性增幅最大。与对照指标相比,摄入高蔗糖膳食会使肾脏产生的氧气增加近两倍,羟基自由基增加四倍多。与此同时,TBARS 活性产物的含量增加了两倍,蛋白质羰基衍生物的含量增加了三倍,而蛋白质中游离硫醇基团的含量却减少了。羟基自由基的明显生成、TBARS 活性产物的积累以及蛋白质中游离 SH 基团含量的减少,是在膳食蛋白质缺乏的情况下摄入高蔗糖膳食动物的特征。研究表明,过量摄入蔗糖是一个关键因素,会影响多元醇途径中酶的活性和自由基过程的强度。所得结果可被视为在营养失衡条件下肾脏结构和功能组织发生紊乱的易感因素。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
ACTIVITY OF POLIOLYTIC PATHWAY ENZYMES IN RAT KIDNEYS UNDER CONDITIONS OF DIFFERENT PROTEIN AND SUCROSE SUPPLY IN THE DIET
The study examined the activity of enzymes in the polyol pathway and the status of free radical processes in the kidneys of rats subjected to different dietary protein and sucrose levels. It was found that the kidneys of animals consuming a highsucrose diet, irrespective of protein content, exhibited the highest increase in the activity of polyol pathway enzymes, namely aldose reductase and sorbitol dehydrogenase. Consumption of a high-sucrose diet enhances the generation of O2 •- in the kidneys by almost twofold, and hydroxyl radical by over fourfold compared to control indicators. This is accompanied by a twofold increase in the content of TBARS-active products and a threefold increase in the content of carbonyl derivatives of proteins, against the background of a decrease in the content of free thiol groups in proteins. The pronounced generation of hydroxyl radicals, accumulation of TBARS-active products, and reduction in the content of free SH-groups in proteins are characteristic of animals that consumed a high-sucrose diet in the context of dietary protein deficiency. It has been demonstrated that excessive sucrose consumption is a critical factor, influencing the activity of enzymes in the polyol pathway and the intensity of free radical processes. The obtained results may be considered as predisposing factors for disruptions in the structural and functional organization of the kidneys under conditions of nutrient imbalance.
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