利用 EFMEA 分析法评估阿巴丹炼油厂加氢裂化装置的环境风险

Ali Mahdavi, K. Varshosaz
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摘要

背景:风险评估的目的是使用合理的方法分析风险,确定对人、设备、材料和环境可能造成的危害和结果。方法:本研究通过德尔菲问卷调查法确定了评估加氢裂化装置环境、健康和安全风险的标准和指数。然后,采用环境失效模式和效应分析法,根据风险的发生概率、严重程度、发现概率、污染程度和回收潜力对风险进行评估、评分和排序。结果:根据德尔菲法的结果,22 个项目中有 19 个被确定为阿巴丹炼油厂加氢裂化装置的环境、健康和安全风险评估的主要标准。但结果表明,与生命周期运行相关的风险中,67%的风险强度较低,33%的风险强度较高。相比之下,与控制室操作员相关的风险有 75% 强度低,25% 强度高。另一方面,在与现场员工活动相关的风险中,分别有 64%、7%和 29%的风险强度较低、中等和较高,而在与维修相关的风险中,相应的数字分别为 14%、29%和 57%。结论根据环境失效模式与影响分析(EFMEA)和德尔菲技术的结果,可以采用适当的方法来识别和降低类似行业的风险。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
Environmental Risk Assessment of a Hydrocracker Unit in Abadan Oil Refinery Using the EFMEA Analysis
Background: The aim of risk assessment is to use a rational method to analyze risks and to identify the possible hazards and outcomes for people, equipment, materials, and the environment. Methods: The criteria and indices for assessing the environmental, health, and safety risks of the hydrocracker unit were determined by a Delphi questionnaire in this study. Then, an Environmental Failure Mode and Effects Analysis was applied to evaluate, score, and rank the risks based on their probability of occurrence, severity, probability of detection, extent of pollution, and potential of recycling. Results: According to the results of the Delphi process, 19 out of the 22 items were identified as the main criteria in the environmental, health, and safety risk evaluation of the hydrocracker unit at the Abadan Oil Refinery. However, the results indicated that 67% of the risks associated with the life cycle operation were low while 33% of them were high in terms of intensity. In contrast, 75% of the risks associated with control room operators were low and 25% were high in terms of intensity. On the other hand, 64, 7, and 29% of the risks associated with the activities of site employees were low, moderate, and high in terms of intensity, respectively, while the corresponding figures were 14, 29, and 57% in the case of risks associated with repairs. Conclusion: Based on the results of techniques of environmental failure modes and effects analysis (EFMEA) and Delphi, appropriate methods can be used to identify and reduce risks in similar industries.
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