库尔斯克地区帕金森病患者非运动障碍的范围和频率

I. O. Masaleva, M. P. Ivenkov, D. A. Boev, E. V. Chernykh, V. V. Volkov
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摘要

简介帕金森病(Parkinson's disease,PD)的特点是长期潜伏的神经退行性过程。部分患者在运动症状出现前数年出现自主神经(便秘、头晕、昏厥以及睡眠、嗅觉和排尿障碍)、精神(焦虑和抑郁)和认知障碍等非运动表现[1]。研究目的:确定库尔斯克地区帕金森病患者非运动障碍的范围和频率,并评估其严重程度。我们对库尔斯克地区多学科临床医院治疗的 32 名已确诊帕金森病(混合型)患者(18 名女性和 14 名男性)进行了检查。患者年龄从 59 岁到 76 岁不等。平均年龄为(69.03±5.71)岁,病程为(6.93±8.08)年。非运动症状及其严重程度使用UPDRS(第一部分)和NMSS-PD进行评估。睡眠障碍根据埃普沃思嗜睡量表(ESS)进行评估。医院焦虑抑郁量表(HADS)用于研究患者的神经心理状态。认知状况根据多指标智力测验(MMSE)、额叶评估测试(Frontal Assessment Battery)和时钟绘画测试进行评估。结果显示87.5%的研究对象出现了非运动症状,这些症状在帕金森病的临床表现中同样重要。这些表现最常见的是自律神经失调(87.5%)、精神失常(68.7%)和认知障碍(72%),这些症状在这组患者中具有不同的频谱和频率。结论帕金森病的非运动表现需要神经科医生的特别关注。这类疾病的临床表现多种多样。早期发现并适当纠正非运动障碍有助于实现帕金森病治疗的主要目标--改善患者的生活质量。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
Spectrum and frequency of non-motor disorders in Parkinson’s patients in the Kursk Region
Introduction. Parkinson's disease (PD) is characterized by a long period of latent neurodegenerative process. Some patients experience non-motor manifestations in the form of autonomic (constipation, dizziness, fainting, and sleep, smell, and urination disorders), mental (anxiety and depression), and cognitive disorders that occur several years before the onset of motor symptoms [1]. Purpose of the study: to determine the spectrum and frequency of non-motor disorders in patients with Parkinson’s disease in the Kursk Region, as well as to assess the degree of their severit y. Materials and method. We examined 32 patients (18 women and 14 men) with an established diagnosis of PD (mixed type), who were treated at the Kursk Regional Multidisciplinary Clinical Hospital. The age of the patients ranged from 59 to 76 years. The mean age was 69.03±5.71 years, and the duration of the disease was 6.93±8.08 years. Non-motor symptoms and their severity were assessed using the UPDRS (Part I) and the NMSS-PD. Sleep disturbances were assessed according to the Epworth Sleepiness Scale (ESS). The Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS) was used to study the neuropsychological status of the patients. Cognitive status was assessed according to the MMSE, Frontal Assessment Battery, and the clock drawing test. Results. Non-motor symptoms occurred in 87.5 % of the patients in the study population and are an equally significant part of the PD clinical picture. These manifestations are most often represented by autonomic (87.5 %), mental (68.7 %), and cognitive (72 %) disorders, which have a different spectrum and frequency in this group of patients. Conclusion. Non-motor manifestations of PD require special attention from a neurologist. The clinical picture of such disorders is varied. Early detection and adequate correction of non-motor disorders contributes to the main goal of PD therapy — to improve the qualit y of life of patients.
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