一般和特定领域的风险感知与大学生吸食大麻、负面结果和改变动机有独特的联系

Kirstyn N Smith-LeCavalier, Paige Morris, Mary E Larimer, Julia Buckner, Katherine Walukevich-Dienst
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摘要

大学生吸食大麻的人数达到了历史最高水平。虽然频繁大量吸食大麻与大麻问题有关,但吸食大麻的风险认知却在迅速下降。然而,风险感知的特定领域(一般风险和特定领域风险、对他人的风险和个人风险)是否与更多使用大麻或相关问题有关尚不得而知。因此,本研究对 130 名报告上月使用大麻的本科生进行了二次分析,以检验感知到的他人风险和个人风险是否:(1)一般感知到的风险与大麻相关结果(即使用、负面后果、大麻使用障碍(CUD)症状、改变动机)相关,(2)感知到的风险的七个特定领域与大麻结果相关,以及(3)特定领域感知到的风险与大麻使用频率相关。一般感知到的他人风险与大麻使用频率呈负相关,而一般感知到的个人风险与大麻相关负面后果、CUD 症状、改变的重要性和意愿呈正相关。更大的法律风险和戒断/依赖风险与若干结果(如 CUD 症状)独特相关。与不经常使用大麻的人相比,经常使用大麻的人在大多数风险领域感知到更多的个人风险,而对他人感知到的一般风险较小。研究结果表明,个人风险是评估感知到的大麻使用风险时需要考虑的一个重要组成部分,关注一般风险和特定领域风险可能会为未来的预防和干预工作提供有价值的见解。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
General and Domain-Specific Perceived Risk Demonstrate Unique Associations with Cannabis Use, Negative Outcomes, and Motivation to Change among Undergraduate Students
College student cannabis use is at an all-time high. Although frequent heavy cannabis use is related to cannabis problems, perceived risk of cannabis use is rapidly decreasing. Yet, it is unknown whether specific domains of risk perceptions (general and domain-specific risk, risk to others and personal risk) are related to more cannabis use or related problems. Thus, among 130 undergraduates who reported past-month cannabis use, the present study conducted secondary analyses to test whether, for both perceived risk to others and perceived personal risk: (1) general perceived risk was associated with cannabis-related outcomes (i.e., use, negative consequences, cannabis use disorder (CUD) symptoms, motivation to change), (2) seven specific domains of perceived risk were related to cannabis outcomes, and (3) domain-specific perceived risk was related to cannabis use frequency. General perceived risk to others was negatively associated with cannabis use frequency whereas general perceived personal risk was positively associated with cannabis-related negative consequences, CUD symptoms, and importance and readiness to change. Greater legal and withdrawal/dependence risks were uniquely related to several outcomes (e.g., CUD symptoms). Participants who used cannabis frequently perceived more personal risk in most risk domains and less general risk to others than those who used infrequently. Findings suggest personal risk is an important component to consider when assessing perceived risk of cannabis use and focusing on both general and domain-specific risks may provide valuable insight for future prevention and intervention efforts.
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