印度西部三级医疗中心儿童全血细胞减少症病因和临床血液学特征的横断面研究

Anjali Kale, T. Idhate, Rishivardhan Reddy
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引用次数: 0

摘要

全血细胞减少症是常规临床实践中最常见的血液疾病之一。分析印度全血细胞减少症的研究很少。这项横断面研究旨在确定全血细胞减少症的病因,并分析印度西部全血细胞减少症患儿的临床血液学特征。这项为期两年的描述性横断面研究在一家三级护理转诊医院进行。这项为期两年的描述性横断面研究是在一家三级护理转诊医院进行的。所有患有全血细胞减少症的儿童均被纳入研究,年龄从 1 个月到 18 岁不等。在接受评估的 130 例患者中,年龄从 1 个月到 18 岁不等(男 63 例,女 67 例),平均年龄为 9.8 岁。发热是最常见的症状(111 人,占 85.40%),其次是全身乏力和体重减轻。苍白是最常见的体征,其次是指关节色素沉着、肝肿大和脾肿大。研究结果表明,导致全血细胞减少最常见的原因是巨幼细胞性贫血,其次是急性白血病、再生障碍性贫血和感染。巨幼细胞性贫血可根据饮食习惯、血液学参数和血清 B12 水平与其他原因导致的全血细胞减少相鉴别,因此大多数全血细胞减少患者无需进行骨髓检查。虽然巨幼细胞性贫血是最常见的病因,但其他需要检查的因素包括再生障碍性贫血、白血病、嗜血细胞淋巴组织细胞增多症(HLH)、脾功能亢进、系统性红斑狼疮(SLE)和病毒感染。如果对完整的病史、临床检查和基线血液学参数进行了充分评估,大多数全血细胞减少症患者都可以避免骨髓检查。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
A Cross-Sectional Study of Etiology and Clinico-Hematological Profile of Pancytopenia in Children at Tertiary Care Centre in Western India
Pancytopenia is one of the most common blood disorders observed in routine clinical practice. There are few studies analyzing pancytopenia in Indian scenarios. This cross-sectional study is aimed to identify the cause of pancytopenia and analyze the clinico-hematological characteristics of children with pancytopenia in Western India. So this study was conducted to evaluate clinico-hematological profile of children presenting with pancytopenia and to determine the etiology of pancytopenia in Western India. This two-year descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted in a tertiary care referral hospital. All children with pancytopenia, ranging in age from 1 month to 18 years, were enrolled in the study. A thorough history was taken, as well as general and systemic examination findings, hematological parameters, and bone marrow examination findings were recorded. The age group of enrolled patients ranged from 1 month to 18 years in the 130 cases evaluated (63 males and 67 females), while the mean age was 9.8 years. Fever was the most prevalent symptom (n = 111, 85.40%), followed by generalized weakness and weight loss. Pallor was the most common physical manifestation, followed by knuckle pigmentation, hepatomegaly, and splenomegaly. Study results concluded that the most common cause of pancytopenia was megaloblastic anemia, followed by acute leukemia, aplastic anemia, and infections. Megaloblastic anemia can be distinguished from other causes of pancytopenia based on dietary habits, hematological parameters and serum B12 levels, potentially obviating the necessity for a bone marrow test in most pancytopenia patients. In pancytopenia patients, detailed initial hematological investigations, including bone marrow examination, are beneficial for correct diagnosis. Although megaloblastic anemia is the most prevalent cause, other factors to examine include aplastic anemia, leukemia, Hemophagocytic Lymphohistiocytosis (HLH), hypersplenism, Systemic Lupus Erythematosus (SLE), and viral infections. When a complete history, clinical examination, and baseline hematological parameters are adequately assessed, bone marrow examination can be avoided in most pancytopenia patients.
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