森林草原春大麦下的凿形耕作

IF 1.3 Q2 AGRICULTURE, MULTIDISCIPLINARY
Yurii Syromyatnikov, Sergey Voinash, Irina Troyanovskaya, Ramil Zagidullin, Evgeniy Tikhonov, Alexandra Orekhovskaya
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引用次数: 0

摘要

由于土壤退化和水土流失加剧,人们开始寻求更先进的耕作方法,同时考虑到气候条件、作物残茬的数量和质量以及施肥量。研究的目的是确定在有前茬作物残茬的情况下,各种基本耕作方法对春大麦植株生长和发育的影响。实验在乌克兰森林草原进行。在实验过程中,研究了各种基本耕作方法对土壤的农业物理特性、土壤水分状况和春大麦作物杂草侵扰的影响。为了进行比较,采用了以下几种基本耕作方式:20-22 厘米深的翻耕、14-16 厘米深的凿耕和 10-12 厘米深的圆盘耕。翻耕和凿耕的特点是谷物产量较高。与反向耕作相比,凿耕的蓄水效果更好。春季,在 0-15 厘米耕层播种粮食作物时,凿耕的生产水分储备为 145 毫米,圆盘耕作的生产水分储备为 122.6 毫米。因此,春大麦的凿形耕作为水分供应创造了最佳条件,并保证了高水平的谷物产量和可观的生产利润。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
Chisel Tillage Under Spring Barley in the Forest-Steppe
The degradation of chernozems and increased soil erosion led to the search for more advanced methods of tillage, taking into account climatic conditions, the quantity and quality of crop residues, and the volume of fertilizer application. The aim of the study was to establish the effect of various methods of basic tillage in the presence of preceding plant‘s crop residues on the growth and development of spring barley plants. The experiment was carried out in the forest-steppe of Ukraine. During the experiment, the influence of various methods of basic tillage on the agrophysical properties of the soil, its water regime, and weed infestation of spring barley crops was studied. For comparison, the following types of basic tillage were used: dump to a depth of 20–22 cm, chisel tillage to a depth of 14–16 cm, and disc tillage to a depth of 10–12 cm. Dump and chisel processing were characterized by higher grain yield. Chisel tillage provided better moisture accumulation compared to reverse ploughing. In spring, at the time of sowing grain crops in the layer of 0–15 cm, the reserves of productive moisture during chiselling were 145 mm, and during mouldboard processing 122.6 mm. Thus, chisel tillage for spring barley creates the best conditions for moisture supply and guarantees a high level of grain yield and significant profitability of production.
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来源期刊
Acta Technologica Agriculturae
Acta Technologica Agriculturae AGRICULTURE, MULTIDISCIPLINARY-
CiteScore
2.50
自引率
28.60%
发文量
32
审稿时长
18 weeks
期刊介绍: Acta Technologica Agriculturae is an international scientific double-blind peer reviewed journal focused on agricultural engineering. The journal is multidisciplinary and publishes original research and review papers in engineering, agricultural and biological sciences, and materials science. Aims and Scope Areas of interest include but are not limited to: agricultural and biosystems engineering; machines and mechanization of agricultural production; information and electrical technologies; agro-product and food processing engineering; physical, chemical and biological changes in the soil caused by tillage and field traffic, soil working machinery and terramechanics; renewable energy sources and bioenergy; rural buildings; related issues from applied physics and chemistry, ecology, economy and energy.
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