印度政治联盟时代的第 356 条分析

Subhasmita Khuntia, Ravuru Narasaiah
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引用次数: 0

摘要

自 1950 年以来,《印度宪法》第 356 条经常被历届中央政府党派使用。然而,自 20 世纪 90 年代初以来,国家政治从一党多数政府转变为多党联合政府,这在很大程度上影响了援引该条款的范围和意图。联合政府在地区党派的支持下得以生存,确实是减少任意频繁援引第 356 条的主要因素。在此背景下,本文解释了自 20 世纪 90 年代以来联合政府带来的政治变革如何为限制中央政府对国家治理的越权行为创造了条件,并讨论了在不断变化的国家政治条件下合理运用该条款的前景。本文的论点是,尽管印度人民党自2014年大选以来崛起成为国家政治主导力量,引起了人们对走向中央集权联邦制的担忧,但这不可能打破目前有节制地使用该条款的格局。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
An Analysis of Article 356 in Coalition Era of Indian Politics
Article 356 of the Indian Constitution has often been subjected to the partisan use by the successive Central governments since 1950. However, the shift from a single-party majority government to a multi-party coalition governments in national politics since early 1990s has largely influenced the scope and intent of invoking this Article. The coalition government’s survival with the backing of regional parties has indeed been a major factor in diminishing the incentives for the arbitrary and frequent invocation of Article 356. In this backdrop, the present article explains how the political change brought about by the coalition governments since 1990s has created the conditions for restraining Central transgressions on state governance, and also discusses the prospects of rationally employing this Article in the changing political conditions of the country. The argument of this paper is that—although the rise of the Bharatiya Janata Party to national political dominance since the 2014 general elections has raised apprehension about the move towards centralised federalism, it is not likely to upset the current pattern of restrained use of this Article.
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