对乌克兰战后恢复条件下生物能源技术实施效果的生态和经济评估

Q3 Engineering
V. Dudin, M. Polehenka, O. Tkalich, A. Pavlychenko, H. Hapich, H. Roubík
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引用次数: 0

摘要

目的。对在技术和军事风险条件下采用生物能源技术处理有机废物的有效性进行生态和经济评估,同时满足减少开采化石燃料的需要。方法。采用现代方法计算沼气厂的技术参数和确定其效益的经济指标,分析和考虑全球生物能源发展的先进经验。考虑到乌克兰和欧盟的监管框架和立法,对沼气能源的前景进行了技术经济评估和论证。研究结果。随着单个沼气厂的发展,日产量大约为:沼气 370 立方米,电力 700 千瓦,热能 1100 千瓦。每年运行所实现的资源总价值为 60 370 欧元(其中:电力 31 467 欧元;热能 10 907 欧元;液体有机肥 17 996 欧元)。投资额约为 27 万至 30 万欧元,年利润为 21 870 欧元,投资回收期为 12 至 13 年。独创性。在乌克兰发展沼气能源的前景和必要性的科学依据已经确立,目的是在减少能源资源开采和温室气体排放的同时,提高整体能源安全和发展低废物技术的生态经济效益。假定按照欧盟标准改进沼气开采和实施的监管框架,以及各伙伴国家提供赠款,投资回收期可从 12 年缩短到 5-6 年,这是小型私营企业可以接受的指标。实用价值。在战后恢复的条件下,乌克兰能源部门发展前景建议的实际实施将减少对化石燃料 的依赖,提高能源部门的整体环境和经济效益水平。农业企业在 "绿色能源 "项目上的资本投资回收期可缩短一半,这对乌克 兰的环境和能源安全产生了积极影响。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
Ecological and economic assessment of the effectiveness of implementing bioenergy technologies in the conditions of post-war recovery of Ukraine
Purpose. Ecological and economic assessment of the effectiveness of implementing bioenergy technologies for processing organic waste in conditions of technogenic and military risks, while also addressing the need to reduce the extraction of fossil fuels. Methodology. The advanced global experience in bioenergy development is analyzed and considered using modern methods for calculating the technological parameters of biogas plants and determining the economic indicators of their effectiveness. The techno-economic evaluation and justification of the prospects of biogas energy are performed considering the regulatory framework and legislation of Ukraine and the European Union. Findings. With the development of individual biogas plants, the daily output can make approximately: biogas – 370 m3, electricity – 700 kW, thermal energy – 1100 kW. The total value of realized resources per year of operation amounts to €60,370 (of which: electricity – €31,467; thermal energy – €10,907; liquid organic fertilizers – €17,996). With investments of around €270–300 thousand and an annual profit of €21,870, the payback period of investments reaches 12–13 years. Originality. The scientific justification for the prospect and necessity of developing biogas energy in Ukraine has been established to improve overall energy security and the eco-economic efficiency of developing low-waste technologies alongside reducing the extraction of energy resources and greenhouse gas emissions. Assuming the improvement of the regulatory framework for biogas extraction and implementation in line with EU standards, as well as grant funding from various partner countries, the payback period could be reduced from 12 to 5–6 years, which is an acceptable indicator for small private enterprises. Practical value. The practical implementation of the proposed perspectives for the development of Ukraine’s energy sector in the conditions of post-war recovery will reduce dependence on fossil fuels, increase the overall level of environmental and economic efficiency in the energy sector. The possibility of reducing the payback period of capital investments in “green energy” projects by half for farm enterprises has been justified, which positively impacts the environment and energy security of Ukraine.
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CiteScore
1.70
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148
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