启蒙与反革命:重新审视加利西亚鲁塞尼亚民族建设的起源

Pub Date : 2024-03-25 DOI:10.1017/s0067237824000080
Tomasz Hen-Konarski
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引用次数: 0

摘要

本文为研究早期奥地利加利西亚的鲁塞尼亚(乌克兰)民族建设提供了另一个重点。文章描绘了希腊天主教会的精英们,他们在十九世纪的第一个十年就提出了建立一个自立的鲁塞尼亚民族的政治主张。该书认为,他们的政治创新得益于奥地利政府在 18 世纪下半叶实施的雄心勃勃的国家建设项目,其中最重要的是在天主教神职人员中培养为国家服务精神的新神学院。希腊天主教神职人员所信奉的早期鲁塞尼亚民族主义既不希望动员群众,也不重视后来民族主义斗争的核心--语言权利。相反,这是一种论战手段,目的是使他们对波兰民族效忠的拒绝合法化,这种效忠与不断发展的共和传统有关。通过将加利西亚鲁塞尼亚案例置于区域比较视角,文章概述了这一解释的广泛意义,质疑了关于中欧和东欧所谓非历史民族主义的一些公认智慧。
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Enlightened and Counter-Revolutionary: Revisiting the Origins of Galician Ruthenian Nation-Building
This article offers an alternative focus for the study of the Ruthenian (Ukrainian) nation-building in early Austrian Galicia. It portrays elite Greek Catholic churchmen who made political claims about a self-standing Ruthenian nation already in the first decade of the nineteenth century. It argues that their political innovations were enabled by the ambitious state-building projects implemented in the second half of the eighteenth century by the Austrian government, most importantly new seminaries that cultivated an ethos of state service among Catholic clergymen. The early Ruthenian nationalism espoused by Greek Catholic prelates neither aspired to mobilize masses nor ascribed much importance to language rights, the kernel of nationalist struggles in later periods. It was rather a polemical device deployed to legitimize their rejection of the Polish national allegiance, associated with dynamically evolving republican traditions. By locating the Galician Ruthenian case in a regional comparative perspective, the article outlines the broader significance of this interpretation, interrogating some received wisdoms about the so-called non-historical nationalisms of Central and Eastern Europe.
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