Gamma knife radiosurgery following whole-brain radiation

In this study, we aimed to determine outcomes for patients requiring salvage stereotactic radiosurgery (SRS) who have progression of brain metastatic disease after initial treatment with whole-brain radiation (WBRT). This is a retrospective analysis of a prospective database of 112 patients who were treated with salvage SRS after experiencing failure following WBRT treatment with salvage SRS. Collectively, the patients had a median overall survival of 7 months after salvage SRS. Patients who had more than two brain metastases had a significantly shorter median survival but were not subjected to increased risk for distant brain failure. We also found that a short intervening time between WBRT and central nervous system (CNS) failure did not seem to worsen the nervous system control or reduce patient survival. Small cell lung cancer (SCLC) was associated with decreased overall survival and CNS control. In conclusion, SRS use following WBRT is safe and effective in the majority of patients. Patients with rapid failure after WBRT can be successfully salvaged with SRS. The findings also shed light on the overall poor outcomes, coupled with low median survival and high rates of CNS failure, in patients suffering multiple metastases stemming from SCLC.