基于模块化燃料单元的复合混合火箭晶粒的回归率和燃烧效率

Junjie Pan, Xin Lin, Zezhong Wang, Ruoyan Wang, Kun Wu, Jinhu Liang, Xilong Yu
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摘要

本研究调查了基于模块化燃料单元策略设计的复合燃料颗粒的燃烧特性。模块化燃料单元包括一个周期性螺旋结构,其中有九个丙烯腈-丁二烯-苯乙烯螺旋叶片。相邻叶片之间嵌入了石蜡基燃料。研究人员对螺旋结构框架进行了两种修改。一种是镜像螺旋叶片,另一种是通过穿孔定期延长螺旋叶片。使用实验室规模的混合火箭发动机研究了燃料颗粒在氧气质量通量为 2.1-6.0 g/(s-cm2) 时的燃烧特性。与带有周期性延伸螺旋叶片的复合燃料颗粒相比,改进型复合燃料颗粒表现出更高的回归率,并且随着氧质量通量的增加,回归率上升得更快。当氧气质量通量为 6.0 g/(s-cm2) 时,带穿孔和镜像螺旋叶片的复合燃料颗粒的回归率分别提高了 8.0% 和 14.1%。带镜面螺旋叶片的复合燃料颗粒的氧-燃料分布更加集中,燃烧效率稳定。利用辐射成像技术对燃烧室内的火焰结构特征进行了观察。观察到基于模块化单元的复合燃料颗粒的火焰厚度迅速增加,这与其高回归率相一致。通过简化的数值模拟,阐明了改进模块单元对复合混合火箭燃料颗粒性能提升的作用机理。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
Regression Rate and Combustion Efficiency of Composite Hybrid Rocket Grains Based on Modular Fuel Units
This study investigated combustion characteristics of composite fuel grains designed based on a modular fuel unit strategy. The modular fuel unit comprised a periodical helical structure with nine acrylonitrile–butadiene–styrene helical blades. A paraffin-based fuel was embedded between adjacent blades. Two modifications of the helical structure framework were researched. One mirrored the helical blades, and the other periodically extended the helical blades by perforation. A laboratory-scale hybrid rocket engine was used to investigate combustion characteristics of the fuel grains at an oxygen mass flux of 2.1–6.0 g/(s·cm2). Compared with the composite fuel grain with periodically extended helical blades, the modified composite fuel grains exhibited higher regression rates and a faster rise of regression rates as the oxygen mass flux increased. At an oxygen mass flux of 6.0 g/(s·cm2), the regression rate of the composite fuel grains with perforation and mirrored helical blades increased by 8.0% and 14.1%, respectively. The oxygen-to-fuel distribution of the composite fuel grain with mirrored helical blades was more concentrated, and its combustion efficiency was stable. Flame structure characteristics in the combustion chamber were visualized using a radiation imaging technique. A rapid increase in flame thickness of the composite fuel grains based on the modular unit was observed, which was consistent with their high regression rates. A simplified numerical simulation was carried out to elucidate the mechanism of the modified modular units on performance enhancement of the composite hybrid rocket grains.
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