Enhancing Environmental Monitoring – A LoRa-Based Wireless Sensor Network Approach

Daily climate change has an impact on all aspects of human life. The effects of climate change include acid rain, tor - rential rain, rising sea levels, and flooding. Precautions must be taken to reduce these consequences, and one of those precautions is to feel and track environmental variables including temperature, relative humidity, air quality, and rainfall in remote as well as urban areas. A wireless sensor network system is been developed by using a LoRa Technologies module for the collection of data regarding environmental parameters. As part of this system, the microcontroller is paired with temp., humidity, and rainfall sensors so that they may act as sensor nodes. These sensor nodes transmit significant data over long distances at low data rates while using as little power as possible. The experimental results show that by using LoRa modules we can monitor the parameters with high accuracy and at longer distances. This system was tested for three different months to collect the data. Meanwhile, we demonstrate that the transport sector is mostly responsible for the city’s air pollution by carefully examining the particular situation mostly during daily peak hours and festival season. The system is tested successfully for a transmission range of 500 meters with a power consumption of 25 mW against the existing stationary systems which do not have provision for any transmission of data. We conclude that employing weather quality monitoring and forecasting to control traffic conditions during the peak hours and festival season, will significantly contribute to protecting cities’ atmospheric environments.