关于后天性脑损伤后的结果和治疗方案的文献综述:利用普通人群的知识为成年罪犯提供建议。

IF 1.1 4区 医学 Q3 CRIMINOLOGY & PENOLOGY
Esther Q. J. de Geus, Maarten V. Milders, Joan E. van Horn, Frank A. Jonker, Thijs Fassaert, Juliette C. Hutten, Femke Kuipers, Christel Grimbergen, Siri D. S. Noordermeer
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引用次数: 0

摘要

背景:获得性脑损伤(ABI)是一个重大的健康问题,通常会对行为、心理健康和认知能力产生负面影响。后天性脑损伤在罪犯中的发病率极高,并增加了他们再次犯罪的风险。然而,有关罪犯心理健康障碍的风险因素及其后果的资料却很少,而且分散,无法指导对罪犯的有效治疗。目的:从社会经济、心理健康和能力特征与罪犯相似的非罪犯样本中探索脑损伤数据,然后首先描述他们未经治疗的结果,其次描述在这些情况下常用干预措施的结果,并注意与这些措施有效性相关的因素:首先,我们使用脑损伤或脑损伤、认知(功能障碍)、心理健康或生活质量等术语对 2010-2022 年的三个数据库进行了系统检索。其次,在另一项检索中,我们使用了这些术语以及干预和康复术语。在第二篇综述中,我们选择了有关年龄、性别、社会经济地位和生活方式等因素的明确、可区分的数据,以便于对罪犯进行推断。两篇综述均采用了叙述分析法:结果:研究样本具有罪犯群体的典型特征,包括较低的社会经济地位、较低的受伤前智商(结论:受伤前的心理健康更为复杂)、较高的生活方式和较低的生活质量(结论:受伤前的心理健康更为复杂):罪犯典型的受伤前更复杂的心理健康问题和社会不利条件与脑损伤后更差的恢复有关。本文通过汇集遵循特定结果轨迹的研究成果,为实践知识增添了新的内容。总体而言,针对普通人群的成功脑损伤干预措施所针对的伤前困难与罪犯中出现的困难相当,这表明针对伤情的个性化治疗以及对这些困难的考虑能够最大限度地取得积极成果。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。

A literature review of outcome and treatment options after acquired brain injury: Suggestions for adult offenders using knowledge from the general population

A literature review of outcome and treatment options after acquired brain injury: Suggestions for adult offenders using knowledge from the general population

Background

Acquired brain injury (ABI) is a major health problem, often with negative effects on behaviour and mental health as well as cognition. Prevalence of ABI is exceptionally high among offenders and increases their re-offending risk. Information on risk factors for ABI and its outcomes among offenders that could guide effective treatment for them is, nevertheless, scarce and dispersed. However, there is a more substantial literature about the general population that could inform work with brain-injured offenders, especially when selecting for samples or subgroups with similar relevant characteristics, such as lower socio-economic status (SES), pre-injury lower tested intelligence score (<85) and pre-injury mental health problems.

Aims

To explore brain injury data from non-offender samples of otherwise similar socio-economic and mental health and ability characteristics to offenders then, first, to describe their untreated outcomes and, secondly, outcomes after frequently used interventions in these circumstances, noting factors associated with their effectiveness.

Method

Three databases were systematically searched for the years 2010–2022; first, using terms for brain injury or damage and cognitive (dys)function, mental health or quality of life. Second, in a separate search, we used these terms and terms for interventions and rehabilitation. In the second review, studies were selected for clear, distinguishable data on age, sex, SES and lifestyle factors to facilitate inferences for offenders. A narrative analytical approach was adopted for both reviews.

Results

Samples with characteristics that are typical in offender groups, including lower SES, lower pre-injury intelligence quotient (<85), prior cognitive impairments and prior mental health problems, had poorer cognitive and behavioural outcomes following ABI than those without such additional problems, together with lower treatment adherence. With respect to treatment, adequate motivation and self-awareness were associated with better cognitive and behavioural outcomes than when these were low or absent, regardless of the outcome measured.

Conclusions

More complex pre-injury mental health problems and social disadvantages typical of offenders are associated with poorer post-brain injury recovery. This paper adds to practical knowledge by bringing together work that follows specific outcome trajectories. Overall, succesful ABI-interventions in the general population that aim at pre-injury difficulties comparable to those seen among offenders, show that personalising injury-specific treatments and taking account of these difficulties, maximised positive outcomes.

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来源期刊
CiteScore
1.60
自引率
0.00%
发文量
40
期刊介绍: Criminal Behaviour & Mental Health – CBMH – aims to publish original material on any aspect of the relationship between mental state and criminal behaviour. Thus, we are interested in mental mechanisms associated with offending, regardless of whether the individual concerned has a mental disorder or not. We are interested in factors that influence such relationships, and particularly welcome studies about pathways into and out of crime. These will include studies of normal and abnormal development, of mental disorder and how that may lead to offending for a subgroup of sufferers, together with information about factors which mediate such a relationship.
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