贝克特戏剧《等待戈多》中的荒诞主义及其与信仰的关系

Anastasiia Ponomareva
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摘要

作品旨在以贝克特的文学作品《等待戈多》为例,探讨荒诞主义与信仰的关系问题。研究目标:对艺术形象进行哲学分析,揭示存在主义作家对上帝态度的具体特点。研究对象是戏剧《等待戈多》的文本,主题是荒诞主义与神学和天意论态度的联系。荒诞哲学被认为是存在主义思想的终极基础。荒诞作为天意论的对立面,代表了急于在世界上寻找因果关系的宗教人士思维的一个极点。作者认为,荒谬主义作为一种哲学思潮,其根源正是宗教世界观。作者试图修正 "荒诞派 "一词,并为寻找上帝在荒诞派中占据何种地位的问题找到答案。通过对贝克特的作品《等待戈多》的研究,作者试图证明荒诞主义的根源之一是意识到被上帝遗弃(在变体 "上帝死了 "或 "上帝转身离去 "中),这必然与将赋予事物、过程、现象意义的功能归于上帝有关。作者对这一主题研究的主要贡献在于确定了神学态度是将自己定位为无神论的哲学思潮的基础。
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Absurdism and its relation to faith in Beckett's play "Waiting for Godot"
The aim of the work is to pose the problem of the relation of absurdism to faith, considered by the example of the text of S. Beckett's literary work "Waiting for Godot". Research objectives: to give a philosophical analysis of artistic images, to reveal the specifics of the attitude to God among existentialist authors. The object of the study is the text of the play "Waiting for Godot", the subject is the connection of absurdism with the theological and providentialist attitude. The philosophy of the absurd is considered as bringing existentialist thinking to its ultimate foundations. The absurd, as the antipode of the theory of providentialism, represents a pole in the thinking of a religious person who is desperate to find cause-and-effect relationships in the world. According to the author, absurdism as a philosophical trend is rooted precisely in the religious worldview. The author tries to revise the term "absurdism" and find an answer to the question of what place the search for God occupies in absurdism. Examining the work of S. Beckett "Waiting for Godot", the author seeks to prove that one of the sources of absurdism is the awareness of abandonment by God (in the variation "God died" or "God turned away"), which is necessarily associated with attributing to God the function of giving meaning to things, processes, phenomena. The author's main contribution to the research of the topic is to identify the theological attitude as the basis for philosophical trends that position themselves as atheistic.
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