对社会隔离和戒严条件下不同职业倦怠程度的教师健康状况的主观评估

I. Kalynychenko, H. O. Latina
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The proportion of the group of teachers with a low level of occupational burnout increased and was 2.22 times higher than the similar group of teachers during the period of social isolation (30.97±3.35)%, t=8.04, p≤0.001), which may indicate a possible decrease in the influence of professional stressors and an actualization of the feeling of uncertainty, constant anxiety, fear for one’s own life and the lives of loved ones, which is due to the military situation in the country. In conditions of social isolation caused by the COVID-19 pandemic, average (48.24±3.36)% t=9.54, p≤0.001) and low (41.18±3.31)% t=7.83, p≤0.001) levels of occupational burnout prevailed. 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引用次数: 0

摘要

本研究旨在分析处于不同社会生活条件(社会隔离和戒严)下的不同职业倦怠程度的教师的健康状况数据。材料和方法。为了实现这一目标,采用了 V. V. Boiko 的 "情绪倦怠程度诊断"(1998 年)方法和专门编制的 "教师健康状况、生活活动和工作条件主观评估 "问卷,并在此基础上对苏梅市的普通中等教育机构在 2021 年因 SARS-CoV-2 冠状病毒引起的 COVID-19 大流行导致社会隔离期间(85 人)和 2023 年 4 月戒严期间(106 人)进行了匿名调查。研究结果在社会隔离期间,职业倦怠程度较低的教师群体所占比例增加,是同类教师群体的 2.22 倍(30.97±3.35)%,t=8.04,p≤0.001),这可能表明职业压力源的影响可能会减少,以及由于国家军事形势所导致的不确定性、持续焦虑、对自己和亲人生命的担忧等感觉的现实化。在 COVID-19 大流行造成的社会隔离条件下,职业倦怠的平均水平(48.24±3.36)% t=9.54,p≤0.001)和低水平(41.18±3.31)% t=7.83,p≤0.001)普遍存在。在戒严条件下,职业倦怠的表现形式发生了变化:职业倦怠水平较低的教师群体比例增加,是社会隔离期同类教师群体的 2.22 倍(30.97±3.35)%,t=8.04,p≤0.001),这可能表明职业压力源的影响可能减弱,国家军事形势导致的不确定性、持续焦虑、对自己和亲人生命的担忧等感觉得以实现。如果说在 COVID-19 大流行造成的隔离期间,40 岁以下教师的职业倦怠程度较高(55.56±5.38)%,那么在戒严期间,职业倦怠程度较高的主要是年龄较大的教师群体(50 岁以下 - (42.86±4.81)%)。总体而言,(76.02±3.09)%的受访教师认为自己的健康状况令人满意,(16.29±2.67)%的受访教师认为自己的健康状况令人不满意,只有(7.69±1.93)%的受访教师认为自己的健康状况非常好。在自我健康评估为不满意的受访者中,"50 岁以下 "和 "50 岁以上 "年龄组的教师占多数(分别为(36.11±3.47)%和(30.56±3.33)%),而 "30 岁以下 "和 "40 岁以下 "年龄组的受访者分别为(8.33±1.99)%和(25.00±3.13)%。无论社会条件和职业倦怠程度如何,最主要的主诉是头痛、心悸、睡眠障碍和血压升高。结论。根据研究的既定结果,需要进一步改进对戒严条件下教职员工心理健康组成部分的评估,并制定在各种社会劳动条件下预防职业倦怠的卫生建议。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
Subjective assessment of the state of health of teachers with different levels of occupational burnout in conditions of social isolation and martial law
The aim of the study is to analyze data on the state of health of teachers with different levels of occupational burnout who were in different social conditions of life (social isolation and martial law). Materials and methods. To achieve the goal, the method of V. V. Boiko «Diagnostics of the level of emotional burnout» (1998) and a specially developed questionnaire «Subjective assessment of the state of health, life activities and working conditions of teachers» were used, with the help of which an anonymous survey was conducted general secondary education institutions in the city of Sumy during the period of social isolation due to the COVID-19 pandemic caused by the SARS-CoV-2 coronavirus in 2021 (85 people) and during martial law in April 2023 (106 people). Results. The proportion of the group of teachers with a low level of occupational burnout increased and was 2.22 times higher than the similar group of teachers during the period of social isolation (30.97±3.35)%, t=8.04, p≤0.001), which may indicate a possible decrease in the influence of professional stressors and an actualization of the feeling of uncertainty, constant anxiety, fear for one’s own life and the lives of loved ones, which is due to the military situation in the country. In conditions of social isolation caused by the COVID-19 pandemic, average (48.24±3.36)% t=9.54, p≤0.001) and low (41.18±3.31)% t=7.83, p≤0.001) levels of occupational burnout prevailed. Under the conditions of martial law, the manifestations of occupational burnout changed: the proportion of the group of teachers with a low level of occupational burnout increased and was 2.22 times higher than the similar group of teachers during the period of social isolation (30.97±3.35)%, t=8.04, p≤0.001), which may indicate a possible decrease in the influence of professional stressors and an actualization of the feeling of uncertainty, constant anxiety, fear for one’s own life and the lives of loved ones, which is due to the military situation in the country. If during the period of isolation caused by the COVID-19 pandemic, a high level of occupational burnout significantly prevailed among teachers under the age of 40 (55.56±5.38)%), then during the period of martial law, a high level of occupational burnout was mainly registered among teachers of the older age group (up to 50 – (42.86±4.81)%). In general, (76.02±3.09)% of the surveyed teachers defined their health status as satisfactory, (16.29±2.67)% as unsatisfactory, and only (7.69±1.93)% of respondents as excellent. Among the interviewees in the group with unsatisfactory self-assessment of health, teachers of the age groups «under 50» and «over 50» predominated (36.11±3.47)% and (30.56±3.33)%, respectively) compared to the groups «up to 30» – (8.33±1.99)% and «up to 40» – (25.00±3.13)%, which can be explained by the natural accumulation over the years of functional abnormalities and chronic pathology. The leading complaints, regardless of social conditions and levels of occupational burnout, were complaints of headaches, palpitations, sleep disturbances, and increased blood pressure. Conclusions. The established results of the study require further improvement of the assessment of the components of mental health among teaching staff in conditions of martial law and the development of hygienic recommendations for the prevention of occupational burnout in various social conditions of the labor process.
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