Role of Exosomal MicroRNAs in Modulating the Response of Cancer Cells to Paclitaxel Treatment

MicroRNAs (miRNAs) play important roles in gene regulation and have been implicated in various human diseases, including cancer. MiRNAs can be packaged in exosomes and transferred between cells. These exosomal miRNAs regulate intercellular communication and influence almost all aspects of cancer biology, including proliferation, apoptosis, invasion, metastasis, and angiogenesis. Over the last two decades, the association between exosomal miRNAs and paclitaxel resistance has been widely studied. However, the mechanisms underlying the effect of exosomal miRNAs on paclitaxel sensitivity require further research. In this review, we summarize the paclitaxel sensitivity-modulating mechanisms of exosomal miRNAs and discuss exosomal miRNAs as a novel therapeutic tool for paclitaxel resistance.