印度洋最坏地震情况下马尔代夫群岛的近岸海啸振幅

IF 4.2 2区 地球科学 Q1 GEOSCIENCES, MULTIDISCIPLINARY
S. Rasheed, S. Warder, Y. Plancherel, M. Piggott
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引用次数: 1

摘要

摘要马尔代夫面临着来自多方面的海啸威胁。然而,由于水深测量等关键数据的可用性有限(这是许多岛国经常遇到的问题),这些威胁的影响尚未在岛屿范围内得到研究。由于建模所需的大范围和高分辨率,在岛屿尺度但跨越多个环礁进行海啸传播研究也是一项具有挑战性的任务。在这里,我们利用马尔代夫群岛的高分辨率水深测量数据集以及相应的高分辨率数值模型,对整个马尔代夫群岛进行了基于情景的海啸危害评估,以研究印度洋近岸岛屿尺度上各环礁上可信的远场海啸的潜在影响。结果表明,环礁水深的特点是离岸边界非常陡峭,能够非常有效地吸收和引导海啸波。结果还凸显了局部效应在调节近岸海啸振幅方面的重要性,包括相关环礁的位置、环礁内特定岛屿的位置、岛屿与珊瑚礁的距离以及其他各种因素。我们还发现,海啸波在各个环礁岛内的折射和衍射也是造成在环礁岛上观测到的最大海啸振幅模式的原因。这项研究的结果有助于更好地了解复杂环礁系统中的海啸,并将帮助马尔代夫的决策者和政策制定者评估海啸对各个岛屿的潜在影响。研究还提供了一个在线工具,为用户提供了一个简单的界面,使更多的人能够浏览这里介绍的模拟结果,并评估海啸对当地的潜在影响。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
Nearshore tsunami amplitudes across the Maldives archipelago due to worst-case seismic scenarios in the Indian Ocean
Abstract. The Maldives face the threat of tsunamis from a multitude of sources. However, the limited availability of critical data, such as bathymetry (a recurrent problem for many island nations), has meant that the impact of these threats has not been studied at an island scale. Conducting studies of tsunami propagation at the island scale but across multiple atolls is also a challenging task due to the large domain and high resolution required for modelling. Here we use a high-resolution bathymetry dataset of the Maldives archipelago, as well as corresponding high numerical model resolution, to carry out a scenario-based tsunami hazard assessment for the entire Maldives archipelago to investigate the potential impact of plausible far-field tsunamis across the Indian Ocean at the nearshore island scales across the atolls. The results indicate that the bathymetry of the atolls, which are characterized by very steep boundaries offshore, is extremely efficient in absorbing and redirecting incoming tsunami waves. Results also highlight the importance that local effects have in modulating tsunami amplitude nearshore, including the location of the atoll in question, the location of a given island within the atoll, and the distance of that island to the reef, as well as a variety of other factors. We also find that the refraction and diffraction of tsunami waves within individual atolls contribute to the maximum tsunami amplitude patterns observed across the islands in the atolls. The findings from this study contribute to a better understanding of tsunamis across complex atoll systems and will help decision and policy makers in the Maldives assess the potential impact of tsunamis across individual islands. An online tool is provided which presents users with a simple interface, allowing the wider community to browse the simulation results presented here and assess the potential impact of tsunamis at the local scale.
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来源期刊
Natural Hazards and Earth System Sciences
Natural Hazards and Earth System Sciences 地学-地球科学综合
CiteScore
7.60
自引率
6.50%
发文量
192
审稿时长
3.8 months
期刊介绍: Natural Hazards and Earth System Sciences (NHESS) is an interdisciplinary and international journal dedicated to the public discussion and open-access publication of high-quality studies and original research on natural hazards and their consequences. Embracing a holistic Earth system science approach, NHESS serves a wide and diverse community of research scientists, practitioners, and decision makers concerned with detection of natural hazards, monitoring and modelling, vulnerability and risk assessment, and the design and implementation of mitigation and adaptation strategies, including economical, societal, and educational aspects.
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