美国最早定居点附近的悬崖告诉我们气候变化的哪些信息

Harry Dowsett, Marci Robinson
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摘要

科学家通过研究过去的地质记录来了解地球未来的气候。大约 300 万年前,美国东海岸的大部分地区还在水下。在海底收集到的沉积物显示,当时的海洋环境更温暖,支持着更多的物种。其中一些沉积物现在露出水面,成为弗吉尼亚东南部詹姆斯敦殖民地附近詹姆斯河沿岸的悬崖峭壁。这些沉积物(我们称之为约克镇地层)中的微小化石和其他证据向我们展示了过去的环境和生态系统是如何受到全球变暖的影响的,它们也为我们了解地球未来的面貌提供了许多线索。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
What Cliffs Near America’s Earliest Settlements Tell Us About Climate Change
Scientists learn about Earth’s future climate by looking at geological records from the past. About 3 million years ago, most of the east coast of the United States was under water. Sediments collected on the ocean floor show that the ocean environment was warmer and supported more species back then. Some of these sediments are now exposed above water as cliffs along the James River near colonial Jamestown in southeastern Virginia. Tiny fossils and other evidence in these sediments, which we call the Yorktown Formation, show us how the environment and ecosystems were affected by global warming in the past, and they hold many clues as to what Earth may look like in the future.
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