不同利益相关群体参与确保儿童牙齿公共卫生:分析和观点

L. Kriachkova, Mykhailo Y. Korobko
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摘要

导言:加强儿科人群的牙科公共卫生(DPH)需要确定主要利益相关者及其主导职能,从而确定发展的优先次序。目的是分析当前状况,确定在加强儿童口腔公共卫生过程中行业内和部门间合作的前景,为优化方法提供依据。材料和方法。通过专门设计的程序,对 15 名能力较强的专家(能力水平高于 0.85)进行了专家评估,从而开展了一项横向研究。研究采用了文献学和社会学方法。进行了专家评估和利益相关者绘图,将不同利益群体的 "权威-利益 "关系可视化到一个二维模型中。使用 Jupyter Notebook (https://jupyter.org/install) 对结果进行了标准统计方法分析。类内相关系数用于评估专家意见的一致性。在检验所有统计假设时,P<0.05 的显著性水平被认为是关键。结果通过图表分析,确定了利益相关者,并确定了他们在 DPH 系统中的角色。确定了权力和利益水平较高和较低的群体。专家们就权力和利益的确定达成的一致意见分别为 ICC=0.76 (95% CI 0.56 - 0.91) 和 ICC=0.79 (95% CI 0.59 - 0.92)。考虑到每个群体的能力和局限性,强调有必要对其开展有针对性的工作。主要利益相关者包括家庭、社区、家庭医生、公共卫生机构、儿科牙医等。旨在加强儿童牙齿健康的主要功能被归结为影响牙齿健康的决定因素,跨部门合作和支持地方层面的相关倡议至关重要。结论制定和实施旨在改善儿童牙齿健康的计划的重要性已经得到了证实。重点强调了各利益相关者之间的合作在支持以战略方法管理公共卫生服务方面的重要性。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
INVOLVEMENT OF DIFFERENT STAKEHOLDER GROUPS IN ENSURING CHILDREN’S DENTAL PUBLIC HEALTH: ANALYSIS AND PERSPECTIVES
Introduction: Strengthening the dental public health (DPH) of the pediatric population requires prioritizing development with the identification of key stakeholders and their leading functions. The aim. To analyze the current state and identify prospects for intra-industry and inter-sectoral cooperation in the process of strengthening the dental public health of the child population to justify ways of optimization. Materials and methods. A cross-sectional study using expert assessments involving 15 highly competent experts (competence level above 0.85) was conducted through a specially designed program. Bibliosemantic and sociological methods were employed. Expert assessments and stakeholder mapping were performed, visualizing the «authority-interest» relationship of different interested groups on a two-dimensional model. The results were analyzed using standard statistical methods with the application of Jupyter Notebook (https://jupyter.org/install). Intra-class correlation coefficients were used to assess the agreement of expert opinions. A significance level of p<0.05 was considered critical in testing all statistical hypotheses. Results. The graphical analysis allowed for the identification of stakeholders and determination of their roles in the DPH system. Groups with high and low levels of power and interest were identified. The agreement among experts regarding the determination of power and interest was respectively ICC=0.76 (95% CI 0.56 – 0.91) and ICC=0.79 (95% CI 0.59 – 0.92). The necessity of targeted efforts with each group, considering their capabilities and limitations, was emphasized. Key stakeholders included families, communities, family physicians, public health institutions, pediatric dentists, and others. Primary functions aimed at strengthening children’s dental health were attributed to influencing determinants of dental health, intersectoral collaboration and support for relevant initiatives at the local level are essential. Conclusions. The importance of developing and implementing programs aimed at improving the dental health of the child population has been established. Emphasis is placed on the significance of collaboration among various stakeholders in supporting a strategic approach to managing DPH.
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