美国公司的探亲假规定与女性劳动力：来自贸易冲击的证据

IF 7.6 1区经济学 Q1 ECONOMICS

Review of Economics and Statistics Pub Date : 2024-03-18 DOI:10.1162/rest_a_01436

Fariha Kamal, Asha Sundaram, Cristina J. Tello-Trillo

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引用次数: 0

摘要

我们研究了 1993 年的《家庭和医疗休假法》（FMLA）如何影响美国公司中遭受负面需求冲击的性别构成。结合 2000 年至 2003 年中国各行业的进口变化以及识别 FMLA 状态的急剧回归不连续性，我们发现，相对于非 FMLA 企业，进口竞争的加剧会降低 FMLA 企业的女性就业、收入和晋升比例。这种影响主要发生在育龄期女性和没有大学学历的女性身上，并且在全部由男性管理的企业中更为明显。这些结果表明，在应对不利冲击时，工作保护假规定可能会加剧性别不平等。

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Family-Leave Mandates and Female Labor at U.S. Firms: Evidence from a Trade Shock

We examine how the 1993 Family and Medical Leave Act (FMLA) impacts the gender composition at U.S. firms experiencing a negative demand shock. Combining changes in Chinese imports across industries between 2000 and 2003 and a sharp regression discontinuity to identify FMLA status, we find that an increase in import competition decreases the share of female employment, earnings, and promotions at FMLA relative to non-FMLA firms. This effect is driven by women in prime childbearing ages and without college degrees; and is pronounced at firms with all male managers. These results suggest that job-protected leave mandates may exacerbate gender inequalities in response to adverse shocks.

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来源期刊

Review of Economics and Statistics Multiple-

CiteScore

8.50

自引率

0.00%

发文量

175

期刊介绍： The Review of Economics and Statistics is a 100-year-old general journal of applied (especially quantitative) economics. Edited at the Harvard Kennedy School, the Review has published some of the most important articles in empirical economics.