中华人民共和国外国国家豁免法

William S. Dodge
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摘要

2023 年 9 月 1 日,全国人民代表大会常务委员会颁布了《中华人民共和国外国国家豁免法》(FSIL),并于 2024 年 1 月 1 日生效。该法放弃了中国之前坚持的绝对国家豁免理论,转而采用其他大多数国家遵循的限制性理论。根据限制性理论,外国对基于其政府行为(统治权行为)的诉讼享有豁免权,但对基于其非政府行为(管理权行为)的诉讼享有豁免权。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
Foreign State Immunity Law of the People's Republic of China
On September 1, 2023, the Standing Committee of the National People's Congress promulgated the Foreign State Immunity Law of the People's Republic of China (FSIL), which entered into force on January 1, 2024. The law abandons China's prior adherence to the absolute theory of state immunity and instead adopts the restrictive theory followed by most other countries. Under the restrictive theory, foreign states are immune from suits based on their governmental acts (acta jure imperii) but are subject to suits based on their non-governmental acts (acta jure gestionis).
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