公共援助、生活环境和粮食不安全:社区案例比较研究

M. Bezuneh, Zelealem Yiheyis
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引用次数: 0

摘要

即使在经济增长的情况下,粮食不安全仍然影响着美国家庭和个人层面的某些人群。认识到这一点后,美国制定并实施了针对低收入家庭粮食困难的粮食援助计划,如补充营养援助计划。除此之外,还有其他类型的政府援助,如住房补贴和公共住房,因为低收入家庭和个人在住房保障方面面临着类似的挑战。对传统公共住房环境中 "集中贫困 "问题的关注,促使人们转向混合收入发展,以改善公共住房居民的生活条件和经济机会。本文对传统公共住房社区和混合收入公共住房社区的粮食不安全状况进行了比较评估。本文还研究了非住房公共援助对粮食不安全的影响,以及出现粮食困难的时间与接受援助之间的时间关系。研究人员对这两个社区的大多数居民采用了美国农业部(USDA)家庭食品安全模块的修改版,结果发现,接受政府援助和未接受政府援助的居民在食品不安全方面的差异微乎其微。尽管如此,政府援助在与居住环境的相互作用下,似乎提高了食品安全的概率,这表明在混合收入住房环境中的有益影响更大。结果表明,食物摄入量减少的家庭数量在每月的前两周最少,在第四周最多。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
Public assistance, living environments, and food insecurity: A comparative community case study
Food insecurity continues to affect certain seg­ments of the U.S. population at the household and individual levels even when the economy is experi­encing growth. This recognition has led to the design and implementation of food assistance programs, such as the Supplemental Nutrition Assistance Program, targeting food hardship in low-income families. This is in addition to other types of government assistance, such as housing subsidies and public housing, as low-income households and individuals face similar challenges in housing security. Concern over “concentrated poverty” in traditional public housing environment has contributed to a shift toward mixed-income developments, envisaged to improve the living conditions and economic opportunities of public-housing residents. This paper provides a compara­tive assessment of food insecurity in traditional and mixed-income public housing communities. It also examines the effect of nonhousing public assis­tance on food insecurity and the temporal relation­ship between the timing of food hardship and the receipt of assistance. Administering a modified version of the U.S. Department of Agriculture (USDA)’s Household Food Security Module to the majority of residents in the two communities, the researchers found negligible differences in food insecurity between recipients and nonrecipients of government assistance. Nevertheless, government assistance appeared to improve the probability of being food secure as it interacted with living envi­ronments, suggestive of greater beneficial effect in the environment of mixed-income housing. The results show that the number of households experi­encing reduced food intake was lowest in the first two weeks and highest during the fourth week of the month.
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