The relationship between serum 25-Hydroxy vitamin D status and hypertension in syrian population: retrospective cohort study

Vitamin D is a liposoluble steroid hormone that plays a crucial role in the maintenance of bone metabolism and calcium homeostasis. Many studies on the effects of vitamin D on general health have been significantly increased, driven by new findings concerning the systemic and extraskeletal effects of this hormone. This study was performed to determine whether low levels of vitamin D were associated with hypertension in Syrian people. This retrospective cohort study consisted of 207 subjects, including 83 (40.1%) patients suffering from essential hypertension, and 124 (59.9%) patients with normal blood pressure. Aged>18 years, who was referred to endocrinology clinic from September 2022 to September 2023. The data were analysed by using SPSS (version 25). Logistic regression analyses was performed with adjustments for age, sex, and waist circumference. Hypertension rates were 73%, 20%, and 5% in 25-hydroxyvitamin D groups<12 ng/ mL, 12 to 20 ng/mL, and>=20 ng/mL, respectively. Odds ratios (95% confidence intervals) for hypertension adjusting for age, sex, and waist circumference were 178.6(30.5_1045.6), 5.13(0.9_26.5) for 25-hydroxyvitamin D levels<12 ng / mL, and 12 to 20 ng / mL, respectively, compared with the>=20 ng/mL group. This study shown high prevalence of low vitamin D levels (25OHVD˂20 ng/mL) among a sample of Syrian people (78.3%). The lowest 25OHVD group was associated with higher prevalence of hypertension, that refers to adverse association between vitamin D level and essential hypertension. Further research is needed to confirm this relationships.