1960-2020 年中国黄河流域径流变化及其驱动因素

IF 2.7 3区 环境科学与生态学 Q3 ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES
Baoliang Wang, Hongxiang Wang, Xuyang Jiao, Lintong Huang, Hao Chen, Wenxian Guo
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引用次数: 0

摘要

分析径流变化以及这些变化如何受到气候变化和人类活动的影响,对于阐明河流的生态和水文响应机制至关重要。采用水文变化指标和变率范围法(IHA-RVA)以及生态指标法,对黄河流域 1960-2020 年的水文变化程度和生态响应过程进行了定量评估。利用布迪科水热耦合平衡理论,定量评估了黄河流域各种驱动因素(如降水、潜在蒸散量和下垫面)对径流变化的相对贡献。结果表明,从 1960 年到 2020 年,黄河流域的年平均径流量和降水量呈下降趋势,而潜在蒸散量则呈上升趋势。据报道,大约在 1985 年,干流的水文状况发生了突变。据观测,水文变化程度从上游到下游逐渐增加,变化范围为 34.00%-54.00%,均为中度变化。但不同生态指标之间存在明显差异,下游水文站出水口的波动指数为 90.00%,达到了较高的变化水平。变异后,黄河中下游流量生物多样性指数普遍低于基期。研究结果还表明,黄河流域上游径流变化的驱动因子主要是降水,贡献率为 39.31%-54.70%。此外,中下游径流变化的驱动因素主要是人类活动,贡献率为 63.70%-84.37%。这些结果可作为加强黄河流域保护与恢复工作的依据,进一步促进黄河水资源的合理开发与利用。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
Runoff change in the Yellow River Basin of China from 1960 to 2020 and its driving factors

Analysing runoff changes and how these are affected by climate change and human activities is deemed crucial to elucidate the ecological and hydrological response mechanisms of rivers. The Indicators of Hydrologic Alteration and the Range of Variability Approach (IHA-RVA) method, as well as the ecological indicator method, were employed to quantitatively assess the degree of hydrologic change and ecological response processes in the Yellow River Basin from 1960 to 2020. Using Budyko’s water heat coupling balance theory, the relative contributions of various driving factors (such as precipitation, potential evapotranspiration, and underlying surface) to runoff changes in the Yellow River Basin were quantitatively evaluated. The results show that the annual average runoff and precipitation in the Yellow River Basin had a downwards trend, whereas the potential evapotranspiration exhibited an upwards trend from 1960 to 2020. In approximately 1985, it was reported that the hydrological regime of the main stream underwent an abrupt change. The degree of hydrological change was observed to gradually increase from upstream to downstream, with a range of 34.00%–54.00%, all of which are moderate changes. However, significant differences have been noted among different ecological indicators, with a fluctuation index of 90.00% at the outlet of downstream hydrological stations, reaching a high level of change. After the mutation, the biodiversity index of flow in the middle and lower reaches of the Yellow River was generally lower than that in the base period. The research results also indicate that the driving factor for runoff changes in the upper reach of the Yellow River Basin is mainly precipitation, with a contribution rate of 39.31%–54.70%. Moreover, the driving factor for runoff changes in the middle and lower reaches is mainly human activities, having a contribution rate of 63.70%–84.37%. These results can serve as a basis to strengthen the protection and restoration efforts in the Yellow River Basin and further promote the rational development and use of water resources in the Yellow River.

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来源期刊
Journal of Arid Land
Journal of Arid Land ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES-
CiteScore
4.70
自引率
6.70%
发文量
768
审稿时长
3.2 months
期刊介绍: The Journal of Arid Land is an international peer-reviewed journal co-sponsored by Xinjiang Institute of Ecology and Geography, the Chinese Academy of Sciences and Science Press. It aims to meet the needs of researchers, students and practitioners in sustainable development and eco-environmental management, focusing on the arid and semi-arid lands in Central Asia and the world at large. The Journal covers such topics as the dynamics of natural resources (including water, soil and land, organism and climate), the security and sustainable development of natural resources, and the environment and the ecology in arid and semi-arid lands, especially in Central Asia. Coverage also includes interactions between the atmosphere, hydrosphere, biosphere, and lithosphere, and the relationship between these natural processes and human activities. Also discussed are patterns of geography, ecology and environment; ecological improvement and environmental protection; and regional responses and feedback mechanisms to global change. The Journal of Arid Land also presents reviews, brief communications, trends and book reviews of work on these topics.
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