爪哇虎Panthera tigris sondaica是否现存？近期毛发样本的 DNA 分析

IF 2.2 3区环境科学与生态学 Q2 BIODIVERSITY CONSERVATION

Oryx Pub Date : 2024-03-21 DOI:10.1017/s0030605323001400

Wirdateti Wirdateti, Yulianto Yulianto, Kalih Raksasewu, Bambang Adriyanto

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引用次数: 0

摘要

爪哇虎（Panthera tigris sondaica）和巴厘虎（P. tigris balica）分别于2008年和2013年被列入《世界自然保护联盟红色名录》（IUCN Red List）中的 "灭绝物种"，印尼境内仅存苏门答腊虎亚种（P. tigris sumatrae）。不过，最近偶尔也有关于爪哇虎的报道，但没有确凿证据。在此，我们对2019年在西爪哇南苏卡布米森林的Cipendeuy村附近的一个社区种植园中可能观察到的爪哇虎以及在附近栅栏上发现的一根毛发进行了评估。研究人员将推测的爪哇虎毛发的细胞色素 b 线粒体 DNA（mtDNA）基因序列与波哥大动物博物馆（Museum Zoologicum Bogoriense）收藏的一根爪哇虎标本（采集于 1930 年）的细胞色素 b 线粒体 DNA（mtDNA）基因序列进行了比较，并以多个老虎亚种和爪哇豹（Panthera pardus melas）的毛发样本作为对照。结果显示，爪哇虎毛发与苏门答腊虎、孟加拉虎、阿穆尔虎和爪哇豹的遗传距离（d）分别为 0.074 ± SE 0.009、0.071 ± SE 0.009、0.072 ± SE 0.009 和 0.088 ± SE 0.010，而推定爪哇虎毛发与爪哇虎博物馆标本的遗传距离为 0.040 ± SE 0.006。此外，系统发生树显示，推定爪哇虎毛发样本与爪哇虎博物馆标本属于同一类群，但与其他虎亚种和爪哇豹有所区别。爪哇虎是否仍然存在于野外，还需要进一步的遗传学和野外研究来证实。

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Is the Javan tiger Panthera tigris sondaica extant? DNA analysis of a recent hair sample

The Javan tiger Panthera tigris sondaica and the Bali tiger P. tigris balica were categorized as Extinct on the IUCN Red List in 2008 and 2013, respectively, leaving only the Sumatran subspecies P. tigris sumatrae extant in Indonesia. There have, however, been occasional, more recent reports of the Javan tiger but without conclusive evidence. Here, a potential observation in 2019 of a Javan tiger in a community plantation near the village of Cipendeuy in the forest of South Sukabumi, West Java, and a single hair found on a fence nearby, are assessed. The cytochrome b mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) gene sequence of the putative Javan tiger hair were compared with that of a Javan tiger specimen in Museum Zoologicum Bogoriense, collected in 1930; hair samples of several tiger subspecies and the Javan leopard Panthera pardus melas were used as controls. The results showed that the genetic distances (d) of the putative Javan tiger hair with the Sumatran, Bengal P. tigris tigris and Amur P. tigris altaica tigers and the Javan leopard are 0.074 ± SE 0.009, 0.071 ± SE 0.009, 0.072 ± SE 0.009 and 0.088 ± SE 0.010, respectively, whereas the genetic distance of the putative Javan tiger hair with the Javan tiger museum specimen is 0.040 ± SE 0.006. In addition, phylogenetic trees showed that the putative Javan tiger hair sample belongs to the same group as the museum specimen of the Javan tiger, but is differentiated from other tiger subspecies and the Javan leopard. Whether the Javan tiger still occurs in the wild needs to be confirmed with further genetic and field studies.

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来源期刊

Oryx 环境科学-生态学

CiteScore

5.30

自引率

7.40%

发文量

150

审稿时长

18-36 weeks

期刊介绍： ORYX—THE INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF CONSERVATION, a quarterly journal from Fauna & Flora International, publishes research on biodiversity conservation, conservation policy and sustainable use, and the interactions of these matters with social, economic and political issues. The journal has a particular interest in material with the potential to improve conservation management and practice. Explore the map for details of published articles.