木栖地衣属 Xylographa(Baeomycetales, Ostropomycetidae)的分子系统学及 8 个新种。

Toby Spribille, Philipp Resl, Teuvo Ahti, Sergio Pérez-Ortega, Tor Tønsberg, Helmut Mayrhofer, H Thorsten Lumbsch
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引用次数: 0

摘要

子囊菌 Xylographa 属包括北方和温带地区栖息于林木的地衣真菌中最丰富的一些种类。该属从未进行过单一分类,对其物种多样性和进化关系也知之甚少。根据对来自北美、南美、欧洲和亚洲的材料进行的形态学和次级代谢物评估,我们根据内部转录间隔、28S 核 rDNA 和线粒体小亚基 rDNA 的序列生成了一个三焦点系统发生。我们在白真菌纲(Baeomycetales)假定相关属的背景下分析了这些数据。Xylographa与Lithographa和Ptychographa以及Rimularia s.lat.的岩栖和地衣物种密切相关,是一个得到强有力支持的单系类群。Xylographa 中线状化的气孔的进化似乎使气孔能够横向生长,横向生长的模式具有诊断意义。我们确认了 Xylographa 中的 20 个种,并对命名法进行了彻底修订。以下 8 个种为新种:Xylographa bjoerkii T. Sprib.、X. constricta T. Sprib.、X. erratica T. Sprib.、X. lagoi T. Sprib. & Pérez-Ortega、X. schofieldii T. Sprib.、X. septentrionalis T. Sprib.、X. stenospora T. Sprib. & Resl 和 X. vermicularis T. Sprib.。Lambiella insularis (Nyl.) T. Sprib.和 Xylographa carneopallida (Räsänen) T. Sprib.是新提出的组合。来自南美洲南部的 Xylographa constricta 代表了已知的 Baeomycetales 中第一个次生去鳞片的案例。Xylographa parallela s.str.在智利南部和北半球的测序采集基础上被确认为双极。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
Molecular systematics of the wood-inhabiting, lichen-forming genus Xylographa (Baeomycetales, Ostropomycetidae) with eight new species.

The ascomycete genus Xylographa includes some of the most abundant species of wood-inhabiting lichenized fungi in boreal and temperate regions. It has never been monographed and little is known of its species diversity and evolutionary relationships. Based on a morphological and secondary metabolite-based assessment of material from North and South America, Europe and Asia, we generated a three-locus phylogeny based on sequences of the internal transcribed spacer, 28S nuclear rDNA and mitochondrial small subunit rDNA. We analyzed the data within the context of putatively related genera in the order Baeomycetales. Xylographa is a strongly supported monophyletic group closely related to Lithographa and Ptychographa, as well as rock-dwelling and lichenicolous species of Rimularia s.lat. The evolution of linearized ascomata in Xylographa appears to have enabled ascomata to grow laterally, and patterns of lateral growth are diagnostic. We recognize twenty species in Xylographa and provide a thorough revision of nomenclature. The following eight species are new: Xylographa bjoerkii T. Sprib., X. constricta T. Sprib., X. erratica T. Sprib., X. lagoi T. Sprib. & Pérez-Ortega, X. schofieldii T. Sprib., X. septentrionalis T. Sprib., X. stenospora T. Sprib. & Resl and X. vermicularis T. Sprib. The combinations Lambiella insularis (Nyl.) T. Sprib. and Xylographa carneopallida (Räsänen) T. Sprib. are newly proposed. Xylographa constricta from southern South America represents the first known case of secondary de-lichenization in the Baeomycetales. Xylographa parallela s.str. is confirmed as bipolar on the basis of sequenced collections from both southern Chile and the northern Hemisphere.

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