Does early administration of denosumab delay bone healing after intertrochanteric femoral fractures?

Introduction

Hip fractures are commonly associated with osteoporosis and pose a risk for secondary fractures. Although the administration of anti-osteoporotic drugs is recommended after fractures to mitigate this risk, the potential effect of strong anti-resorptive drugs (e.g., denosumab) on fracture healing processes have not been extensively studied. This prospective study aimed to evaluate the feasibility of early denosumab administration after femoral intertrochanteric fracture surgery and to compare its effect on fracture healing to that of bisphosphonate-treated patients.

Materials and methods

Patients who underwent surgery for intertrochanteric femoral fragility fractures between November 2018 and November 2020 were prospectively examined. Patients were randomized into two groups (denosumab [DSM] and ibandronate [IBN] groups) using a simple randomization procedure. Physical findings, plain radiographs, and computed tomography (CT) were used to evaluate fracture healing at 3 months postoperatively.

Results

Physical findings showed no significant differences between the two groups in pain on loading, tenderness at fracture site, or walking ability. There were inter-rater differences in radiological fracture healing rate: plain radiographs, 57.5%–81.8% in the DSM group and 51.5%–90.9% in the IBN group; CT, 51.5%–72.7% in the DSM group and 45.4%–81.8% in the IBN group. Although there were variations, there were no significant differences in the fracture healing rate between groups on plain radiographs or CT among all three raters.

Conclusions

Early administration of denosumab after intertrochanteric femoral fracture surgery did not delay radiological or clinical fracture healing times when compared with ibandronate administration.