鸡的抗逆性遗传及其与产蛋性状和抗体性状的关系

IF 3.6 1区农林科学 Q1 AGRICULTURE, DAIRY & ANIMAL SCIENCE

Genetics Selection Evolution Pub Date : 2024-03-19 DOI:10.1186/s12711-024-00888-5

Tom V. L. Berghof, Nicolas Bedere, Katrijn Peeters, Marieke Poppe, Jeroen Visscher, Han A. Mulder

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引用次数: 0

摘要

恢复力是指牲畜受干扰影响最小或迅速恢复到受干扰前初始状态的能力。抗逆性强的家畜能改善健康状况，增加经济收益，因此受到人们的青睐。抗逆性的遗传改良也可能导致与生产性状的权衡。最近，有人提出了基于纵向数据的抗逆性指标，但需要对这些指标进行进一步评估，以确定它们是否确实能预测抗逆性的提高，如疾病抗逆性。本研究根据预期产蛋量（EP）与观察产蛋量（EP）之间的偏差研究了不同的抗逆性指标，探讨了这些指标的遗传参数、它们与生产性状之间可能存在的权衡以及它们与鸡抗体性状之间的关系。根据两个纯种鸡品系--白羽蛋鸡品系（33,825 只）和褐羽蛋鸡品系（34,397 只）--的 1 周、2 周或 3 周间隔，确定核心育种群环境中的产蛋量，从而确定观察到的产蛋量与预期平均批次产蛋量之间的偏差，以及观察到的产蛋量与预期个体产蛋量之间的偏差。这些偏差被用来计算每个个体两个生命周期的三种恢复力指标：自然对数变换方差（ln（variance））、偏斜度（skewness）以及从25周龄到83周龄和从83周龄到生命结束的偏差的滞后一自相关性（autocorrelation）。然后，我们估算了它们与EP性状和两个抗体性状的遗传相关性。最有希望的抗逆性指标是那些基于1周间隔的指标，因为它们的遗传率估计值最高（0.02-0.12），与基于更长间隔的相同抗逆性指标的遗传相关性也很高（高于0.60）。这三类复原力指标在遗传学上彼此不同，这表明它们可能捕捉到了复原力的不同方面。基于 1 周时间间隔的复原力指标性状与 EP 性状的遗传相关性为有利或零，这意味着权衡效应微乎其微。基于 1 周间隔的抗逆性指标性状与抗体性状也没有遗传相关性，这表明在细胞核环境中，抗逆性指标性状对提高免疫力没有参考价值，反之亦然。本文为评估和实施抗逆性指标指明了方向，即在育种计划中进一步研究基于1周间隔的抗逆性指标性状，以选育出遗传抗逆性更强的蛋鸡。

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The genetics of resilience and its relationships with egg production traits and antibody traits in chickens

Resilience is the capacity of an animal to be minimally affected by disturbances or to rapidly return to its initial state before exposure to a disturbance. Resilient livestock are desired because of their improved health and increased economic profit. Genetic improvement of resilience may also lead to trade-offs with production traits. Recently, resilience indicators based on longitudinal data have been suggested, but they need further evaluation to determine whether they are indeed predictive of improved resilience, such as disease resilience. This study investigated different resilience indicators based on deviations between expected and observed egg production (EP) by exploring their genetic parameters, their possible trade-offs with production traits, and their relationships with antibody traits in chickens. Egg production in a nucleus breeding herd environment based on 1-week-, 2-week-, or 3-week-intervals of two purebred chicken lines, a white egg-laying (33,825 chickens) and a brown egg-laying line (34,397 chickens), were used to determine deviations between observed EP and expected average batch EP, and between observed EP and expected individual EP. These deviations were used to calculate three types of resilience indicators for two life periods of each individual: natural logarithm-transformed variance (ln(variance)), skewness, and lag-one autocorrelation (autocorrelation) of deviations from 25 to 83 weeks of age and from 83 weeks of age to end of life. Then, we estimated their genetic correlations with EP traits and with two antibody traits. The most promising resilience indicators were those based on 1-week-intervals, as they had the highest heritability estimates (0.02–0.12) and high genetic correlations (above 0.60) with the same resilience indicators based on longer intervals. The three types of resilience indicators differed genetically from each other, which indicates that they possibly capture different aspects of resilience. Genetic correlations of the resilience indicator traits based on 1-week-intervals with EP traits were favorable or zero, which means that trade-off effects were marginal. The resilience indicator traits based on 1-week-intervals also showed no genetic correlations with the antibody traits, which suggests that they are not informative for improved immunity or vice versa in the nucleus environment. This paper gives direction towards the evaluation and implementation of resilience indicators, i.e. to further investigate resilience indicator traits based on 1-week-intervals, in breeding programs for selecting genetically more resilient layer chickens.

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来源期刊

Genetics Selection Evolution 生物-奶制品与动物科学

CiteScore

6.50

自引率

9.80%

发文量

审稿时长

1 months

期刊介绍： Genetics Selection Evolution invites basic, applied and methodological content that will aid the current understanding and the utilization of genetic variability in domestic animal species. Although the focus is on domestic animal species, research on other species is invited if it contributes to the understanding of the use of genetic variability in domestic animals. Genetics Selection Evolution publishes results from all levels of study, from the gene to the quantitative trait, from the individual to the population, the breed or the species. Contributions concerning both the biological approach, from molecular genetics to quantitative genetics, as well as the mathematical approach, from population genetics to statistics, are welcome. Specific areas of interest include but are not limited to: gene and QTL identification, mapping and characterization, analysis of new phenotypes, high-throughput SNP data analysis, functional genomics, cytogenetics, genetic diversity of populations and breeds, genetic evaluation, applied and experimental selection, genomic selection, selection efficiency, and statistical methodology for the genetic analysis of phenotypes with quantitative and mixed inheritance.