Optimizing the resource allocation in cyber physical energy systems based on cloud storage and IoT infrastructure

Given the prohibited operating zones, losses, and valve point effects in power systems, energy optimization analysis in such systems includes numerous non-convex and non-smooth parameters, such as economic dispatch problems. In addition, in this paper, to include all possible scenarios in economic dispatch problems, multi-fuel generators, and transmission losses are considered. However, these features make economic dispatch problems more complex from a non-convexity standpoint. In order to solve economic dispatch problems as an important consideration in power systems, this paper presents a modified robust, and effective optimization algorithm. Here, some modifications are carried out to tackle such a sophisticated problem and find the best solution, considering multiple fuels, valve point effect, large-scale systems, prohibited operating zones, and transmission losses. Moreover, a few complicated power systems including 6, 13, and 40 generators which are fed by one type of fuel, 10 generators with multiple fuels, and two large-scale cases comprised of 80 and 120 generators are analyzed by the proposed optimization algorithm. The effectiveness of the proposed method, in terms of accuracy, robustness, and convergence speed is evaluated, as well. Furthermore, this paper explores the integration of cloud storage and internet of things (IoT) to augment the adaptability of monitoring capabilities of the proposed method in handling non-convex energy resource management and allocation problems across various generator quantities and constraints. The results show the capability of the proposed algorithm for solving non-convex energy resource management and allocation problems irrespective of the number of generators and constraints. Based on the obtained results, the proposed method provides good results for both small and large systems. The proposed method, for example, always yields the best results for the system of 6 power plants with and without losses, which are $15,276.894 and $15,443.7967. Moreover, the improvements made in the proposed method have allowed the economic dispatch problem regarding multi-fuel power plants to be solved not only with optimal results ($623.83) but also in less than 35 iterations. Lastly, the difference between the best-obtained results ($121,412) and the worst-obtained results ($121,316.1992) for the system of 40 power plants is only about $4 which is quite acceptable.