{"title":"地质和岩石物理异质性对阿奇指数的影响:伊朗西南部德兹富勒海湾 Sarvak 碳酸盐岩储层案例研究","authors":"Milad Moradi, Ali Kadkhodaie","doi":"10.1007/s13146-024-00945-6","DOIUrl":null,"url":null,"abstract":"<p>Calculating the volume of hydrocarbons in place in carbonate reservoirs is associated with a high uncertainty due to the sedimentary texture and diagenetic characteristics. The Archie’s equation is one of the most common methods to measure the volume of reservoir fluids. Petrophysical parameters and geological attributes control the exponents of this equation. If Archie’s exponents (m and a) are considered constant, it can have a high uncertainty in the volume of reservoir fluids. This study investigates the effect of petrophysical parameters (pore type, pore size distribution, and pore throat radius) and geological attributes (sedimentary facies and diagenesis) on the Archie’s exponents. Based on petrography results, seven sedimentary facies related to a carbonate ramp were identified, and the diagenesis processes have caused a great heterogeneity of the studied carbonate reservoir. Archie’s exponents were calculated for four models of reservoir rock types. Finally, a total of five rock types were defined based on the study of thin sections, well logs, scanning electron microscopy images, special/conventional core analysis, and mercury injection testing. Combining pore types is influenced by diagenetic processes and sedimentary texture, so the diversity in the composition of pore types reduce the measurement accuracy of Archie’s exponents and resulted water saturation. The results show that pore type, pore size distribution, and fractures significantly affect the cementation exponent and the tortuosity factor. Accordingly, the determination of the rock types in heterogeneous reservoirs based on the pore size distribution, pore type, pore throat radius and fractures has the most significant impact on the accuracy of the Archie exponents.</p>","PeriodicalId":9612,"journal":{"name":"Carbonates and Evaporites","volume":"50 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.1000,"publicationDate":"2024-03-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":"0","resultStr":"{\"title\":\"The impact of geological and petrophysical heterogeneities on Archie’s exponents: a case study for Sarvak carbonate reservoir, Dezful Embayment, southwest Iran\",\"authors\":\"Milad Moradi, Ali Kadkhodaie\",\"doi\":\"10.1007/s13146-024-00945-6\",\"DOIUrl\":null,\"url\":null,\"abstract\":\"<p>Calculating the volume of hydrocarbons in place in carbonate reservoirs is associated with a high uncertainty due to the sedimentary texture and diagenetic characteristics. The Archie’s equation is one of the most common methods to measure the volume of reservoir fluids. Petrophysical parameters and geological attributes control the exponents of this equation. If Archie’s exponents (m and a) are considered constant, it can have a high uncertainty in the volume of reservoir fluids. This study investigates the effect of petrophysical parameters (pore type, pore size distribution, and pore throat radius) and geological attributes (sedimentary facies and diagenesis) on the Archie’s exponents. Based on petrography results, seven sedimentary facies related to a carbonate ramp were identified, and the diagenesis processes have caused a great heterogeneity of the studied carbonate reservoir. Archie’s exponents were calculated for four models of reservoir rock types. Finally, a total of five rock types were defined based on the study of thin sections, well logs, scanning electron microscopy images, special/conventional core analysis, and mercury injection testing. Combining pore types is influenced by diagenetic processes and sedimentary texture, so the diversity in the composition of pore types reduce the measurement accuracy of Archie’s exponents and resulted water saturation. The results show that pore type, pore size distribution, and fractures significantly affect the cementation exponent and the tortuosity factor. Accordingly, the determination of the rock types in heterogeneous reservoirs based on the pore size distribution, pore type, pore throat radius and fractures has the most significant impact on the accuracy of the Archie exponents.</p>\",\"PeriodicalId\":9612,\"journal\":{\"name\":\"Carbonates and Evaporites\",\"volume\":\"50 1\",\"pages\":\"\"},\"PeriodicalIF\":1.1000,\"publicationDate\":\"2024-03-16\",\"publicationTypes\":\"Journal Article\",\"fieldsOfStudy\":null,\"isOpenAccess\":false,\"openAccessPdf\":\"\",\"citationCount\":\"0\",\"resultStr\":null,\"platform\":\"Semanticscholar\",\"paperid\":null,\"PeriodicalName\":\"Carbonates and Evaporites\",\"FirstCategoryId\":\"89\",\"ListUrlMain\":\"https://doi.org/10.1007/s13146-024-00945-6\",\"RegionNum\":4,\"RegionCategory\":\"地球科学\",\"ArticlePicture\":[],\"TitleCN\":null,\"AbstractTextCN\":null,\"PMCID\":null,\"EPubDate\":\"\",\"PubModel\":\"\",\"JCR\":\"Q3\",\"JCRName\":\"GEOLOGY\",\"Score\":null,\"Total\":0}","platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":null,"PeriodicalName":"Carbonates and Evaporites","FirstCategoryId":"89","ListUrlMain":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s13146-024-00945-6","RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":null,"EPubDate":"","PubModel":"","JCR":"Q3","JCRName":"GEOLOGY","Score":null,"Total":0}
The impact of geological and petrophysical heterogeneities on Archie’s exponents: a case study for Sarvak carbonate reservoir, Dezful Embayment, southwest Iran
Calculating the volume of hydrocarbons in place in carbonate reservoirs is associated with a high uncertainty due to the sedimentary texture and diagenetic characteristics. The Archie’s equation is one of the most common methods to measure the volume of reservoir fluids. Petrophysical parameters and geological attributes control the exponents of this equation. If Archie’s exponents (m and a) are considered constant, it can have a high uncertainty in the volume of reservoir fluids. This study investigates the effect of petrophysical parameters (pore type, pore size distribution, and pore throat radius) and geological attributes (sedimentary facies and diagenesis) on the Archie’s exponents. Based on petrography results, seven sedimentary facies related to a carbonate ramp were identified, and the diagenesis processes have caused a great heterogeneity of the studied carbonate reservoir. Archie’s exponents were calculated for four models of reservoir rock types. Finally, a total of five rock types were defined based on the study of thin sections, well logs, scanning electron microscopy images, special/conventional core analysis, and mercury injection testing. Combining pore types is influenced by diagenetic processes and sedimentary texture, so the diversity in the composition of pore types reduce the measurement accuracy of Archie’s exponents and resulted water saturation. The results show that pore type, pore size distribution, and fractures significantly affect the cementation exponent and the tortuosity factor. Accordingly, the determination of the rock types in heterogeneous reservoirs based on the pore size distribution, pore type, pore throat radius and fractures has the most significant impact on the accuracy of the Archie exponents.
期刊介绍:
Established in 1979, the international journal Carbonates and Evaporites provides a forum for the exchange of concepts, research and applications on all aspects of carbonate and evaporite geology. This includes the origin and stratigraphy of carbonate and evaporite rocks and issues unique to these rock types: weathering phenomena, notably karst; engineering and environmental issues; mining and minerals extraction; and caves and permeability.
The journal publishes current information in the form of original peer-reviewed articles, invited papers, and reports from meetings, editorials, and book and software reviews. The target audience includes professional geologists, hydrogeologists, engineers, geochemists, and other researchers, libraries, and educational centers.