通过金属粘合剂喷射法制造 316L 和 17-4PH 不锈钢零件的尺寸和几何误差原因分析

IF 2.9 3区 工程技术 Q2 AUTOMATION & CONTROL SYSTEMS
Marco Zago, Nora Lecis, Marco Mariani, Ilaria Cristofolini
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引用次数: 0

摘要

这项工作旨在研究影响金属粘合剂喷射不锈钢零件孔的尺寸和几何精度的原因。使用 AISI 316L 和 17-4PH 粉末制作了带通孔的平行管状样品,其直径(3、4、5 毫米)和相对于建筑平面的轴位置(6、9、12 毫米距离)各不相同。用三坐标测量机测量了生坯和烧结状态下的尺寸和几何特征,确定了尺寸变化和几何特征。不出所料,线性尺寸的收缩是各向异性的;此外,体积和烧结密度的变化受印刷室位置的影响很大。沿成型方向(Z)测得的收缩率为 18.5 ÷ 19.5%,高于在成型平面上测得的收缩率(16.5 ÷ 17.5%);沿粉末铺展方向(X)测得的收缩率为 0.5 ÷ 0.8%,略高于粘合剂注入方向(Y)测得的收缩率。在 316L 中,烧结部件的相对密度变化高达 3%,这取决于构建平面上的位置。直径的尺寸变化总体上证实了之前开发的模型所预测的收缩率--实际尺寸变化与预期尺寸变化之间的差异低于 3%,但三种几何形状(4 ÷ 6%)除外。预测模型严重低估了烧结零件的圆柱度形状误差(高达 0.15 毫米),但加上印刷造成的圆柱度形状误差后,低估程度大大降低(一般低于 0.05 毫米)。孔的尺寸和几何精度受平行六面体几何形状变形的影响很大,而平行六面体几何形状变形又是由于印刷过程中的层移位和不均匀的生坯密度,以及烧结过程中与托盘摩擦力的影响。在最靠近建筑平面的孔上也观察到了重力负荷效应。未来的工作将提高采用本研究成果的预测模型的可靠性。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。

Analysis of the causes determining dimensional and geometrical errors in 316L and 17-4PH stainless steel parts fabricated by metal binder jetting

Analysis of the causes determining dimensional and geometrical errors in 316L and 17-4PH stainless steel parts fabricated by metal binder jetting

This work aims at investigating the causes affecting the dimensional and geometrical accuracy of holes in metal binder jetting stainless steel parts. Parallelepiped samples with a through hole were produced using AISI 316L and 17-4PH powders, differing for diameter (3, 4, 5 mm), and position of the axes with respect to the building plane (6, 9, 12 mm distance). Dimensions and geometrical characteristics were measured at green and sintered state by a coordinate measuring machine, determining the dimensional change and the geometrical characteristics. As expected, the shrinkage of linear dimensions is anisotropic; moreover, change in volume and sintered density are significantly affected by the position in the printing chamber. Higher shrinkage was measured along building direction (Z) – 18.5 ÷ 19.5%, than in the building plane – 16.5 ÷ 17.5%, and slightly higher shrinkage – 0.5 ÷ 0.8% was measured along powder spreading direction (X) than binder injection direction (Y). A variation up to 3% in relative density of sintered parts depending on the position in the building plane was observed in 316L. The dimensional change of diameters generally confirmed the shrinkage predicted by the model previously developed—difference between real and expected dimensional changes lower than 3%, except for three geometries (4 ÷ 6%). The cylindricity form error of sintered parts was strongly underestimated by the prediction model (up to 0.15 mm), but underestimation was considerably reduced (generally lower than 0.05 mm) adding the cylindricity form error due to printing. Dimensional and geometrical accuracy of holes are strongly affected by shape distortion of the parallelepiped geometry, in turn due to layer shifting and inhomogeneous green density during printing, and to the effect of frictional forces with trays during sintering. Gravity load effect was also observed on the holes closest to the building plane. Future work will improve the reliability of the prediction model implementing the results of the present work.

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来源期刊
CiteScore
5.70
自引率
17.60%
发文量
2008
审稿时长
62 days
期刊介绍: The International Journal of Advanced Manufacturing Technology bridges the gap between pure research journals and the more practical publications on advanced manufacturing and systems. It therefore provides an outstanding forum for papers covering applications-based research topics relevant to manufacturing processes, machines and process integration.
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