Characteristics of asthmatic children with Mycoplasma pneumoniae infection in Vietnam

Introduction: Mycoplasma pneumoniae is regarded as an involved factor in refractory asthma exacerbations. The link between Mycoplasma pneumoniae infection and asthma is not fully understood, particularly regarding clinical and paraclinical characteristics.Objectives: To determine the frequency of Mycoplasma pneumoniae infection in asthmatic children, identify clinical and paraclinical characteristics along with clinical management in children aged 6 to 15 years at Can Tho Children's Hospital, Vietnam.Method: From March 2019 to April 2021, 124 patients participated in a cross-sectional study that was done. Mycoplasma pneumoniae was detected using an immunoglobulin N (IgM) serology test.Results: Mycoplasma pneumoniae-IgM serology was positive in 32.3% asthmatic children. IgM-positive individuals had significantly greater percentages of accessory respiratory muscle contraction, coarse crackles, fever, and increased heart rate. Mycoplasma pneumoniae infection occurred in 42.3% of children who were hospitalized for the first time and had asthma diagnosis. Mycoplasma pneumoniae infection and the severity of acute asthma exacerbations had a positive association (p<0.05). A longer hospital stay (6.74±1.91 days) and a higher exacerbation recurrence rate (32.4%) were observed in the IgM-positive group (p<0.05). Conclusions: Mycoplasma pneumoniae infections were highly prevalent in asthmatic children. Severity of acute asthma exacerbations, first-time asthma diagnosis, and recurrence of asthma exacerbation were significantly associated with Mycoplasma pneumoniae infection.