DNA Mutation of Rc Gene and the Phenotype of Aleurone and Pericarp of Local Red Rice from South Sumatera

The red color of red rice pericarp and aleurone is regulated by proanthocyanidin protein. Proanthocyanidin protein was encoded by partial sequence of Rc gene. The mutation from DNA sequence would give divers phenotype in pericarp and aleurone. This study used four sample of local red rice (Keli Rejo, Sumber Jaya, Cahya Tani, Sirah Pulau Padang) from South Sumatra as genetic sources and specific primers (RC12) were used to encode Proanthocyanidin protein on local red rice. This research was conducted at the Genetic and Biotechnology Laboratory of Biology Department, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, Sriwijaya University. The primary objectives of this study were to identify the correlations between the mutations from DNA sequences which encoded proanthocyanidin protein in local red rice from South Sumatra and the fenotip of pericarp and aleurone. The stapes was DNA isolation, amplification, electrophoresis, sequencing process using First Base Malaysia and sequences analysis using Clustal W to align the DNA sequence. Sequencing result showed all of the samples had high variability (less conserved region) where the alignment process showed deletion mutation and DNA substitution mutation along the sequences of the samples. The highest mutation occurred at local red rice from Cahya Tani and the lowest mutations take place at local red rice from Keli Rejo. The samples have the same phenotype of pericarp, meanwhile different at aleurone color. The sample from Sumber Jaya had the reddest aleurone color than other sample and this sample also showed the highest deletion mutation.