Himarsha R. Jayanetti, Kritika Garg, Sawood Alam, Michael L. Nelson, Michele C. Weigle
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引用次数: 0
摘要
网络的重要性和网络档案在其保存中的关键作用突出表明，有必要了解人类和机器人用户如何访问网络档案内容，以及如何最好地满足这两类用户的不同需求。为了识别网络档案中的机器人和人类，并分析他们各自的访问模式，我们使用了互联网档案馆（IA）2012 年、2015 年和 2019 年的 Wayback Machine 访问日志，以及 Arquivo.pt（葡萄牙网络档案馆）2019 年的访问日志。我们识别了访问日志中的用户会话，并根据其浏览行为将这些会话分为人类会话和机器人会话。为了更好地了解用户如何浏览网络档案，我们对这些会话进行了评估，以发现用户的访问模式。基于两个档案和三年的 IA 访问日志（2012 年 vs. 2015 年 vs. 2019 年），我们对检测到的机器人与人类及其用户访问模式和时间偏好进行了比较。在 IA 2012（占请求的 91%）和 IA 2015（占请求的 88%）中检测到的机器人总数高于 IA 2019（占请求的 70%）。在 Arquivo.pt（2019 年）的请求中，机器人占 98%。我们发现，在 2012 年和 2015 年的 IA 中，机器人几乎完全局限于 "Dip "和 "Skim "访问模式，但在 2019 年的 IA 中，机器人展示了所有模式及其组合。人类和机器人都表现出对近期存档网页的偏好。
Robots still outnumber humans in web archives in 2019, but less than in 2015 and 2012
The significance of the web and the crucial role of web archives in its preservation highlight the necessity of understanding how users, both human and robot, access web archive content, and how best to satisfy this disparate needs of both types of users. To identify robots and humans in web archives and analyze their respective access patterns, we used the Internet Archive’s (IA) Wayback Machine access logs from 2012, 2015, and 2019, as well as Arquivo.pt’s (Portuguese Web Archive) access logs from 2019. We identified user sessions in the access logs and classified those sessions as human or robot based on their browsing behavior. To better understand how users navigate through the web archives, we evaluated these sessions to discover user access patterns. Based on the two archives and between the three years of IA access logs (2012 vs. 2015 vs. 2019), we present a comparison of detected robots vs. humans and their user access patterns and temporal preferences. The total number of robots detected in IA 2012 (91% of requests) and IA 2015 (88% of requests) is greater than in IA 2019 (70% of requests). Robots account for 98% of requests in Arquivo.pt (2019). We found that the robots are almost entirely limited to “Dip” and “Skim” access patterns in IA 2012 and 2015, but exhibit all the patterns and their combinations in IA 2019. Both humans and robots show a preference for web pages archived in the near past.
期刊介绍：
The International Journal on Digital Libraries (IJDL) examines the theory and practice of acquisition definition organization management preservation and dissemination of digital information via global networking. It covers all aspects of digital libraries (DLs) from large-scale heterogeneous data and information management & access to linking and connectivity to security privacy and policies to its application use and evaluation.The scope of IJDL includes but is not limited to: The FAIR principle and the digital libraries infrastructure Findable: Information access and retrieval; semantic search; data and information exploration; information navigation; smart indexing and searching; resource discovery Accessible: visualization and digital collections; user interfaces; interfaces for handicapped users; HCI and UX in DLs; Security and privacy in DLs; multimodal access Interoperable: metadata (definition management curation integration); syntactic and semantic interoperability; linked data Reusable: reproducibility; Open Science; sustainability profitability repeatability of research results; confidentiality and privacy issues in DLs Digital Library Architectures including heterogeneous and dynamic data management; data and repositories Acquisition of digital information: authoring environments for digital objects; digitization of traditional content Digital Archiving and Preservation Digital Preservation and curation Digital archiving Web Archiving Archiving and preservation Strategies AI for Digital Libraries Machine Learning for DLs Data Mining in DLs NLP for DLs Applications of Digital Libraries Digital Humanities Open Data and their reuse Scholarly DLs (incl. bibliometrics altmetrics) Epigraphy and Paleography Digital Museums Future trends in Digital Libraries Definition of DLs in a ubiquitous digital library world Datafication of digital collections Interaction and user experience (UX) in DLs Information visualization Collection understanding Privacy and security Multimodal user interfaces Accessibility (or "Access for users with disabilities") UX studies
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