玛雅语中复杂谓词习得的前音解释:玛雅语

IF 1.2 2区 文学 0 LANGUAGE & LINGUISTICS
Clifton Pye
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引用次数: 0

摘要

玛雅语马姆语使用复合谓词来表达事件。复合谓词将多个语义元素映射到一个单词上,因此具有词汇和短语的混合特征。复杂谓词的变色龙性质为儿童在单词语言发展阶段表达短语组合的能力提供了一个窗口。复合谓词在成人语言中无处不在,这就保证了儿童会把复合谓词作为他们的第一个词。马姆语中的复合动词在方面、人称和一定程度上的方向上有强制性的变位。这些变位在音节、词缀和韵母之间的附着程度各不相同。带元音的语气词在语音上是自由的,而不带元音的语气词则附着在音节片段或词缀上。马姆动词复合体要求在词汇习得的前音模型中增加一个短语层。论文利用这一扩展版的拟声理论对动词复合词的习得进行了五项预测。论文分析了危地马拉圣伊尔德丰索-伊斯塔瓦坎(San Ildefonso Ixtahuacán)地区三位 2;0 至 2;8 岁儿童学习马姆语北方语种时的发音数据。儿童在不及物动词和及物动词复合体中的发音数据在一定程度上支持了所有五项预测。与辅音词干相比,儿童在元音词干上产生前缀的频率更高,与辅音词干上产生状语后缀的频率相比,儿童在元音词干上产生状语后缀的频率更高。儿童表现出的发展差异和产生的短语收缩是拟声理论无法预测的。这些结果强调了将拟声词纳入形态句法发展模型的必要性,并突出了复杂谓词对语言习得理论的重要意义。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
A prosodic account of complex predicate acquisition in Mam: A Mayan language
The Mayan language Mam uses complex predicates to express events. Complex predicates map multiple semantic elements onto a single word, and consequently have a blend of lexical and phrasal features. The chameleon-like nature of complex predicates provides a window on children’s ability to express phrasal combinations at the one-word stage of language development. The ubiquity of complex predicates in the adult language insures that children will produce complex predicates as some of their first words. The verb complex in Mam has obligatory inflections for aspect, person, and to a degree direction. The inflections vary in degree of attachment between syllable segments, affixes, and clitics. Inflections with vowels are phonologically free, while inflections without vowels attach as either syllable segments or affixes. The Mam verb complex requires the addition of a phrasal layer to prosodic models of lexical acquisition. The paper used this extended version of prosodic theory to make five predictions for the acquisition of the verb complex. The paper analyzes production data for three children between 2;0 and 2;8 acquiring the northern variety of Mam spoken in San Ildefonso Ixtahuacán, Guatemala. The children’s production data for both the intransitive and transitive verb complexes support all five predictions to some degree. The children produced prefixes more frequently on vowel-initial stems than on consonant-initial stems, and they produced imperative suffixes more frequently than prefixes on consonant-initial stems. The children exhibited developmental differences and produced phrasal contractions that the prosodic theory did not predict. The results underline the need to integrate prosody into models of morphosyntactic development, and highlight the significance of complex predicates for theories of language acquisition.
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来源期刊
First Language
First Language Multiple-
CiteScore
3.80
自引率
10.50%
发文量
53
期刊介绍: First Language is an international peer reviewed journal that publishes the highest quality original research in child language acquisition. Child language research is multidisciplinary and this is reflected in the contents of the journal: research from diverse theoretical and methodological traditions is welcome. Authors from a wide range of disciplines - including psychology, linguistics, anthropology, cognitive science, neuroscience, communication, sociology and education - are regularly represented in our pages. Empirical papers range from individual case studies, through experiments, observational/ naturalistic, analyses of CHILDES corpora, to parental surveys.
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