深海中的塑料--对海底储藏量的全球估计

IF 2.3 3区 地球科学 Q2 OCEANOGRAPHY
Xia Zhu , Chelsea M. Rochman , Britta Denise Hardesty , Chris Wilcox
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引用次数: 0

摘要

塑料产量的指数级增长加上全球废物管理系统效率的参差不齐,导致每年都有大量塑料废物进入海洋。尽管我们知道已有数百万吨塑料进入海洋,但我们还不了解塑料在整个空间的积累模式,也不了解这些模式的驱动因素。深海被认为是大多数塑料污染的栖息地或蓄水池。在此,我们对以前发表的数据集进行了严格、系统的审查,以综合我们对海底大型塑料污染(5 毫米)的了解。利用提取的数据,我们建立了预测性加法模型来估计海底塑料的数量和分布。我们建立了两个模型:一个使用遥控潜水器(ROV)的数据,另一个使用海底拖网的数据。利用遥控潜水器数据建立的模型约束性更好,我们估计,到 2020 年,海底将有 300 万至 1100 万公吨(MMT)的塑料污染。这与每年从陆地输入的污染量相近,比预计漂浮在海面上的污染量高出一到两个数量级。为了改进未来的估算和我们对全球模式的理解,我们对海底塑料污染监测提出了建议。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。

Plastics in the deep sea – A global estimate of the ocean floor reservoir

Plastics in the deep sea – A global estimate of the ocean floor reservoir

The exponential increase in plastic production coupled with variable global waste management system efficiencies has resulted in large amounts of plastic waste entering the ocean every year. Although we know millions of tonnes of plastic have entered the oceans, we do not yet understand the patterns of its accumulation across space nor the drivers of these patterns. The deep ocean is expected to be a resting place, or reservoir, for most plastic pollution. Here, we conducted a rigorous, systematic review of previously published datasets to synthesize our understanding of macroplastic pollution (>5 mm) on the ocean floor. Using extracted data, we built predictive additive models to estimate the amount and distribution of plastic on the ocean floor. We built two models: one using data from remote operated vehicles (ROVs) and another using data from bottom trawls. Using the model built with ROV data, which was better-constrained, we estimate that 3 to 11 million metric tonnes (MMT) of plastic pollution resides on the ocean floor as of 2020. This is of similar magnitude to annual inputs from land and one to two orders of magnitude greater than what is predicted to be floating on the ocean surface. To improve future estimates and our understanding of global patterns, we provide recommendations for ocean floor monitoring of plastic pollution.

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来源期刊
CiteScore
4.60
自引率
4.20%
发文量
144
审稿时长
18.3 weeks
期刊介绍: Deep-Sea Research Part I: Oceanographic Research Papers is devoted to the publication of the results of original scientific research, including theoretical work of evident oceanographic applicability; and the solution of instrumental or methodological problems with evidence of successful use. The journal is distinguished by its interdisciplinary nature and its breadth, covering the geological, physical, chemical and biological aspects of the ocean and its boundaries with the sea floor and the atmosphere. In addition to regular "Research Papers" and "Instruments and Methods" papers, briefer communications may be published as "Notes". Supplemental matter, such as extensive data tables or graphs and multimedia content, may be published as electronic appendices.
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